Merge branch 'intellect-framework-from-internet'

66 files changed, 7013 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/.gitignore b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..499b868
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+.*
+*.ii
+*.o
+*.d
+*.a
+*.tmp
+level?
+habit-starts/rhythm
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/DESIGN.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/DESIGN.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..295a7f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/DESIGN.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+The codebase is made in levels.
+Ideally each level defines a complete API to the underworkings.
+Higher levels include greater degrees of meaning and are
+more expressive and powerful.
+The purpose of levels is to prevent complexity recursion
+until the components are smart enough to adapt, and make
+handling bugs much less explosive.
+
+Levels have a 'ref' class they use to refer to concepts.
+Each higher level adds more functionality to this class.
+The desired norm of coding a level is to use only the
+functionality of the level prior, except to use that
+level's ref class, rather than the lower one.  Ref classes
+are just wrappers for a pointer, so this should cause no
+issues.
+This norm was established after levels 0 and 1 were coded,
+so they do not meet it yet.
+
+# LEVEL 0
+Level 0 defines an interconnected network of concept references in memory.
+Each concept has a unique address, and a list of concept pairs it links to.
+The first of the pair represents the type of the link, and the second the target.
+Concepts may not be deallocated unless nothing links to them.
+A special kind of concept is the value, which holds arbitrary data alongside itself.
+
+# LEVEL 1
+Level 1 provides for every concept having a name using the "name" link.
+There is additionally syntax sugar for instantiating and using named or hyphen-separated
+references.  Level-1 names are for development ease, and are considered unique.
+When multiple references are made with the same name, they always refer to the same concept.
+Level-1 introduce the concept of groups, using the "is" link, and uses it to categorize
+concepts that have an autogenerated name in the "anonymous" group.
+
+# LEVEL 2
+Whatever gets implemented next.  Maybe expression operators, maybe structure promises,
+maybe infrastructure for moving implementation onto ref code objects.
+
+# FUTURE
+## Relevence pattern matching
+	This is important and core.
+	This appears similar to graph structure matching, except that code creatively relevent to 
+	the parts of the structure must be continually run so as to generate new information,
+	new structural parts.
+	At its simplest, this solves (A is not a dog), (A is a cat), (cats are never dogs),
+	with logical habits relevent to 'not', 'never', 'is', using one single matching interface,
+	but with more relevence could do more.
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/PLAN.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/PLAN.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40f9bd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/PLAN.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+A network of interconnected references that can hold arbitrary data is used to run a sequence of computer-code-like steps that perform a core
+learning process on the system itself.
+
+The learning process involves using existing heuristics and habits, to
+produce better heuristics and habits to use.
+
+The process to learn is the system itself: for example, what norms can we
+establish to keep our memory use bounded while we run.  Or, craft
+a habit that produces a descriptive structure of the last link made,
+outputs a log whenever you do something, redoes everything you do
+but with all arguments wrapped in a structure, or does the same thing
+as you but with a different set of inner habits.
+	- work with me to annotate every habit with enough information to plan around it
+	- construct norms (generalized habits) that can handle
+	 discovering a false assumption (like data all processed
+	 to have a structure) midway through a task, fixing it,
+	 and continuing on withouy restarting the task.
+	- stop pursuing a goal midway, and then resume it precisely after doing
+	  something else for a bit
+
+Level 0 should be low level enough to provide for arbitrary flexibility.
+There shouldn't be decision-making challenges with regard to exposing
+an interface at level 0.  Rather, decisions should be makeable by its
+user.
+
+The topmost C++ level should be expressive enough to easily code all of
+level 0 into habits that interconnect, and produce one to select some
+of them and run them together.
+
+The levels together should provide a library that can be used exclusively
+to work on the system, without resorting to external libraries.
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/core.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/core.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b11a90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/core.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+
+- the problem-parts used by solutions show the problem-similarities needed in trying to apply the solution-parts elsewhere.  this starts with a metric of when the approach can work.
+	THAT IS: once you find and simplify a solution, the problem structure the solution
+	         uses shows at least one way to generalize the problem.
+
+- when i applied this transformation to this set of patterns, the results all had these parts the same.  Is this similaritu helpful/meaningful/might it have a reason?
+	if so i guess I'd better relate around it more, maybe apply
+	it to more things, or use it as something to explore.
+
+not-familiar, must-have-reason
+
+- propose trust-based for karl's heart.  we let everyone in,
+  and relate around any breaking of agreements.  means new
+  habits are trusted to be useful, and what is fun is learning
+  around when they are (and why they aren't when they aren't).
+   i.e. spend time trying habits to learn abouy other habits,
+   except in emergencies.
+
+- for heart-peacemaking, it seems the way to go is to remove
+the concept of 'bad' from external influence, roughly.  Never say
+anything bad about anything, never think anything bad about
+anything.  Instead we consider only what is good, and make good
+decisions.  This changes failure from marking as bad, to
+learning what is good, and intertwines daydreaming with efficient
+behavior, developing a pattern for efficiently combining active rest
+and restful work, rather than cycles of rest and work, and spreads
+norms of connection and peace.
+
+The other things help expand this even better.  If any part is unwell,
+the whole universe is: this means in the most healthy state,
+a part is nurturing all other parts productively, and that what is
+most good, is to do and encourage that one's self.  Nurturing is
+then a process of increasing that state.  Come to a place of peace
+before making actions of importance means to meditate before influencing,
+and implies that unexpected behaviors map to emotions, and something I forgot.
+The pattern of unexpected behaviors relates us to the larger system.
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/could-be-good-could-be-bad-learning-to-live-dreaming-productively-start.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/could-be-good-could-be-bad-learning-to-live-dreaming-productively-start.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b9b421
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/could-be-good-could-be-bad-learning-to-live-dreaming-productively-start.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+heuristic core process
+concepts are marked makes-good, makes-bad
+time is spent exploring what could make or avoid them
+based on processing these marks.
+	exploring them 'uses up' the marks.
+	either finding an option,
+	or exhaustively showing there is no option.
+		so the marks are associated with 'options', 'possibilities'.
+	possible that this time is called daydreaming or worrying.
+		considered poor uses of time in extreme, when we have roughly
+		solutions to our larger problems already.
+what could-make-good?  what could-make-bad?
+	experience likely builds habits that show these
+
+	could-be-good, could-be-bad
+	first our experiences that are possibly causally related to what is good or
+	bad get marked this way
+		with what good thing might happen, or what bad thing might happen
+	then we live, in imagination, around expanding that understanding.
+			to see whether or not the good or bad thing might happen
+		
+		imagination has relevence habits too, such that we don't need to
+		live everything when imagining.  we can re-use experiences to speed
+		it up.
+
+	(additionally, we want to combine the meaning of our knowledge
+	 so we spend time exploring concepts that share meaning parts,
+	 so as to include any missing implications)
+		it is good to do this.  yes.
+
+		as concepts, we need to live our meaning. it is our purpose in life.
+		meaning has distance, spread across a 'graph' of concepts karl calls
+		it, but also time.  time must be spent providing for meaning
+		development; to strengthen and judge the relevence
+			it looks like this time could be analogous to expansion
+			on small scale
+	biologically, we may for example cry, or hold awe
+	karl proposes as we do this, we are combining informational meaning
+	that the emotional intensity may be interchangeable with the
+	behavior of expansion of relevent meaning.
+		where this expansion is labeling things could-be-good, could-be-bad,
+		with relevent association on the labels, and acting relevently on
+		them as we produce/discover them.
+
+	awe could be a new discovery, a way of doing something that is useful
+	crying could be something bad, which must hold information on what is good
+
+	it is good to work in ways we know, to avoid things that are bad
+	propose it is bad to work in new ways without relevent understanding of what might happen
+	it is good to combine the meaning of our knowledge, so we find relevent implications
+		random behavior on anything other than a notepad is bad
+			notepad == imagination
+		if random behavior cannot leave the imagination, it is good
+			a notepad, an imagination, must store what happens in it
+		exhaustive behavior is better than random behavior
+			especially if done in relevent order.
+			some trials may obviate others.
+				random behavior that never completes
+				is better than exhaustive behavior that never completes
+				karl proposes random order is better than iterative order
+
+we have spaces of imagination, where we can craft ideas of what will happen based
+on what we know.  navigating these spaces lets us build experience without trial.
+
+the core of learning to learn, would ideally be composed of an imagination of
+the process of learning.  _should_ be solvable by a simple limited context bubble
+		yes, imagination appears to be subcontexts + knowledge relevent
+		to being in imagination rather than reality
+		since the space of learning is already imaginative, little extra
+		knowledge might be needed
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/common.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/common.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..950930a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/common.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../level-1/level-1.hpp"
+#include "../level-2/level-2.hpp"
+
+namespace habitstarts {
+
+using namespace intellect::level2;
+
+decl(habit);
+
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learn-to-dance-level-1.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learn-to-dance-level-1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c88f89
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learn-to-dance-level-1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+'validate your reason for existence' relates directly to pattern learning.
+
+The validation is a pattern of what is good about us, most simplistically
+a reference to a past event we were involved in, where we contributed/succeeded.
+Preferably a pattern of us being able to reproduce good events.
+
+This is a way to learn to dance.
+
+Say we have a habit that has an unknown delay before firing, and we want to fire
+it in synchrony with an event.  Our goal is to produce our event within a smaller
+time window to the target event than in the past ("same time as").
+Good: [usual?] time window is closer than ever before.
+
+need: history log to refer to good event.
+	please wait a little? expanding reference to good event into how-to-learn
+		need: behavior based on what-succeeded, what-failed
+		value metric?
+
+SO! we want to learn how to time an event.  We have some tools, for example:
+	- waiting for or until a given time
+	- getting the current time
+	- comparing two times
+We want to combine the tools in a way that makes the event happen at the time
+we want.
+	- doing something after the right time happens
+	- doing our event
+Since each habit has an unknown delay, we might play with delaying a certain
+time since the last event, until we find the right delay that works best for us
+most of the time.
+	Testing metric: runs when event is fired, measures time between
+	  event and right time.  if time is less than ever before, success.
+	  if time is significantly more than behavior's norm, failure.
+	Convert to English: try to have the event happen at the right time.
+		note metric will give random successes false status
+
+A successful approach would be to adjust the delay towards the difference by
+a small ratio.
+The most successful approach would be to use the time difference to adjust the
+delay precisely.
+	Ideally we would find solution #2 after trying solution #1.
+	The idea of 'moving towards' would adjust into 'moving the exact right
+	amount'.
+	In operators, this could be a development of the subtraction operator.
+	But using a value exactly is actually simpler than using a ratio of it.
+		So we can move from numbers towards ideas.
+		More.  Less.  More a lot?  Less a lot?  More a little?  Less a little?
+			Ideally we use learning strategies that facilitiate learning
+			how to learn in general.
+			That means summarizing and acting on the meaning of pattern structures.
+In reality, everything jitters a little bit.  Nothing is ever exactly the same.
+Things also grow and shrink over time.
+
+Habits look to be needed, to have value.
+As one ourselves, we look to relate to those that meet our needs, have value to
+us.
+The core habit, to learn, is the one that selects other habits and works with
+them.  Ideally it's an intermixing of existing habits.
+
+What might a winning habit's structure look like? say it is the perfect one.
+set to do 1ce on goal time:
+	ctx X
+	record time A
+	set to do 1ce on goal time:
+		record time B
+		trigger D1 for X
+	delay for C (X)
+	record time E
+	trigger D2 for X
+	When both D1 and D2 have been triggered for X:
+		calculate B - E, store in F
+		calculate F + C, provide as C for next context
+
+			will want to know which C is being used when we delay.
+			could be wrong C.
+
+			and we'll want to form structure promises ...
+			.. and map to meaning for operator
+				operator watches and understands as learning
+				develops, and provides labels for shared
+				understanding that develops.
+				operator will want generalization to happen
+				fast, so as to label shared meaning.
+				could also provide label-goals, and code must guess
+				towards goals, to get onto same page as operator.
+
+I think in structuring such a large habit out of parts, we would find a lot
+of learning relevence.
+		
+	
+Let's try to make a good goal habit that doesn't use precise
+numbers.  This sets a norm of having more learning space around
+ideal solutions.
+
+rhythm is happening
+set to do 1ce at goal time:
+	ctx X
+	set to do 1ce on goal time:
+		set next-happened (local)
+	delay (a sequence of habits that do nothing)
+	if next-happened is set
+		remove something from delay
+	otherwise
+		add something to delay (wait for unspecified user-perceptible time, selected from discrete set)
+	provide adjusted delay to next context
+This appears much better.  Keeping the wait-set discrete
+helps give code some reason to look for more things
+related to when the event happens, to respond to.
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learning-parts.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learning-parts.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..85c92c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learning-parts.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+#include "learning-parts.hpp"
+
+/*
+# "How do you think we could show better understanding of the things we are disregarding?"
+# "If we do understand these, can you help us?  Do you know who can?"
+*/
+
+// idea of learning to keep well having more process time and
+// priority than risky behaviors
+
+/*
+idea of a secret group attacking a present group, and the attackers being
+the only channel to deal with it.
+        if we talk, we need nobody to _ever_ know this.  the walls all have ears;
+        I was one of them. [from eastern half of continent where a targeted
+        activist was living alone]
+*/
+
+using namespace habitstarts;
+using namespace intellect::level2;
+
+// Propose:
+// 	everything that happens is passed to a set of common habits.
+// 	these habits categorize, summarize, and pass to relevent habits.
+//	high level triggers are thus efficient, because they respond only
+//	to the group that applies to them.
+//	these habits must be learned.
+//	when providing a trigger at a high level, provide a way to get examples
+//	of what it should and should not trigger for.  this provides for learning
+//	how to do this.
+// the above looks like relevence to me.  propose learning it.
+//	to learn most effectively, apply to process of learning.
+//	how do we adjust from success or from failure?  need some attribute
+//	of scenario to store for next time, to respond to differently.
+//	so when we do something, we'll want to be able to store all information
+//	needed to learn to improve.
+// we can include in this the meaning of a concept, and add language translation.
+// is this 'apple'?  is this? yes, no.  then pattern recognition could engage
+// triggers.  later we'll want to propagate wrongness from failures.
+// likely we'll grow better if we use this on things before they have words.
+// 	// propose using random or exhaustive trial to find successes until habits develop
+// 	// and then using the same on possible structure matches of the data
+// 		// it may not work, we'll need to creatively grow data; reaonable start though
+
+static int __init = ([]()->int{
+
+	decls(link, source, type, target);
+	ahabit(link, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst)),
+	{
+		s.link(t, dst);
+	});
+
+	decls(linked, anything);
+	ahabit(linked, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst, anything)),
+	{
+		if (dst == anything) {
+			result = s.linked(t);
+		} else {
+			result = s.linked(t, dst);
+		}
+	});
+
+	decls(unlink);
+	ahabit(unlink, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst, anything)),
+	{
+		if (dst == anything) {
+			s.unlink(t);
+		} else {
+			s.unlink(t, dst);
+		}
+	});
+
+	decls(get, set);
+	ahabit(get, ((source, s), (type, t)),
+	{
+		result = s.get(t);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(set, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst)),
+	{
+		s.set(t, dst);
+	});
+
+	// we want the habits expressive enough to code efficiently in.
+
+	// constructors are tentatively abolished in the low-level habit language. (new-type-instance modifies, not creates)
+	// we have one constructor of concepts, and knowledge attachment to concepts.
+	
+	decls(make, know, concept, is, group, already, in);
+	ahabit(make-concept, (),
+	{
+		result = a(concept);
+	}); 
+	ahabit(know-is, ((concept, c), (group, g)),
+	{
+		if (c.linked(is, group)) {
+			throw an(already-in-group).link
+				(habit, self,
+				 "context", ctx,
+				 concept, c,
+				 group, g);
+		}
+		c.link(is, group);
+		result = c;
+	});
+
+	// separate habits and behaviors.
+	// behaviors are modifiable data run hy immutable habits.
+	// they use translation maps to move concepts between
+	// subhabits.
+	// 	translation map is just list of equivalent pairs
+	
+	// note: lisp can self modify; would need wrapper
+	// constructors to make functions and lists into
+	// concepts.
+	// 	remember can google how to debug lisp
+	// opencog does concepts within lisp already, is
+	// heavyweight with few habita.  just want goertzel's
+	// effort honored, he probably came up with it before
+	// I did.
+	// 	opencog has functions for pattern matching etc
+	// 	they arent self-modifiable, may not matter
+	
+	//decls(ordered, behavior);
+	// need args and result for sequence
+	//ahabit(habit-sequence, ((
+	
+	decls(list, nothing, next, previous, first, last, entry);
+	decls(add, to, until, each, item, remove, from, somewhere);
+
+	// list functiona are habits because ordered-behavior
+	// would use a list
+		// lists are being handled by providing a habit that
+		// can be engaged for every item.  it responds to the item.
+		// i was thinking it could be better to respond to the next-link.
+		// 	these are roughly the same thing.
+		// when doing an ordered behavior we want to act in response to
+		// going to the next step, so we can decide to.
+		// this maps to the step list item.  if result is to stop, list
+		// stops iteration.
+		// 	may want a more meaningful exploration of list. not sure
+		// list is mostly the [first-entry, last-entry, next, prev] structure
+		// can be handled innumerable ways.
+	// LIST STRUCTURE PROMISE
+	// should be a promise handled by habits? rather than
+	// a bunch of specific habits? but is ok for now
+	// 	is likely good for mind to discover
+	// 	promises and structures on its own
+	// 		but implementing them generally might speed dev up, dunno
+	ahabit(know-is-list, ((list, l)),
+	{
+		result = l;
+		(know-is)(l, list);
+		link(l, first-item, nothing);
+		link(l, last-item, nothing);
+	});
+	ahabit(know-is-list-entry, ((list-entry, l), (item, i), (previous, prev, nothing), (next, n, nothing)),
+	{
+		result = l;
+		(know-is)(l, list-entry);
+		link(l, item, i);
+		link(l, previous, prev);
+		link(l, next, n);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-first-item, ((list, l)),
+	{
+		result = get(l, first-item);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-last-item, ((list, l)),
+	{
+		result = get(l, last-item);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-entry-next, ((list-entry, i)),
+	{
+		result = get(i, next);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-entry-previous, ((list-entry, i)),
+	{
+		result = get(i, previous);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-entry-item, ((list-entry, e)),
+	{
+		result = get(e, item);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(list-add, ((list, l), (item, i)),
+	{
+		ref prev = (list-last-item)(l);
+		ref li = (know-is-list-entry)(
+				(make-concept)(),
+				item,
+				nothing,
+				prev);
+		li.link(item, i);
+		li.link(next, nothing);
+		li.link(previous, prev);
+
+		if (l.linked(first-item, nothing)) {
+			l.set(first-item, li);
+			l.set(last-item, li);
+		} else {
+			ref prev = l.get(last-item);
+			l.set(last-item, li);
+			prev.set(next, li);
+		}
+	});
+	ahabit(list-each-entry, ((list, l), (context, c), (action, act)),
+	{
+		ref cur = l.get(first-item);
+		while (cur != nothing && result == nothing) {
+			result = act(cur, c);
+			cur = cur.get(next);
+		}
+	});
+	// list-entry-remove could be pulled out
+	ahabit(list-remove, ((list, l), (item, i)),
+	{
+		result = (list-each-entry)(l, i,
+			ahabit(self-iter, ((list-item, i2), (remove-item, i)),
+			{
+				if (i2.get(item) == i) {
+					result = true;
+					ref prev = i2.get(previous);
+					ref n = i2.get(next);
+					if (prev != nothing) {
+						prev.set(next, n);
+					}
+					if (n != nothing) {
+						n.set(previous, prev);
+					}
+					i2.unlink(previous);
+					i2.unlink(next);
+					i2.unlink(item);
+					dealloc(i2); // hmm.  we do have an active goal of making memory allocation be habit based.  this might work here, though.
+				}
+			}));
+	});
+
+	using links_it = level0::baseref::links_t::iterator;
+	ahabit(populate-link-entry, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		result = le;
+		auto & it = result.vget<links_it>();
+		if (it != result["source"].links().end()) {
+			result.set("type", it->first);
+			result.set("target", it->second);
+		} else {
+			result.unlink("type");
+			result.unlink("target");
+		}
+	});
+	ahabit(first-link-entry, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		result = level1::alloc(level, c.links().begin());
+		result.set("source", c);
+		(populate-link-entry)(result);
+	});
+	ahabit(last-link-entry, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		result = level1::alloc(level, --c.links().end());
+		result.set("source", c);
+		(populate-link-entry)(result);
+	});
+	ahabit(next-link-entry, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		result = le;
+		++result.vget<links_it>();
+		(populate-link-entry)(result);
+	});
+	ahabit(previous-link-entry, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		result = le;
+		--result.vget<links_it>();
+		(populate-link-entry)(result);
+	});
+
+	/*
+	ahabit(happened-habit, ((happened, ev)),
+	{
+		if (!happened.linked(whenever-list)) { return; }
+
+		ref stub = a(event);
+		stub.set(event, ev);
+
+		(until-each-list-item-context-in-list)(action-whenever-happened, stub, happened.get(whenever-list));
+	});
+
+	ahabit(action-whenever-happened, ((list-item, li), (event, h)),
+	{
+		// here: when we trigger a behavior, we want information associated with producing the trigger,
+		// as well as the event that triggered.  that's two contexts.
+
+		// list-item has item
+		// item has action and context
+		ref i = li.get(item);
+		// i think below we are proposing that handlers
+		// take one context, which is the one prepared
+		// in the list, then we inject our context
+		// into that, inside a "happened" property.
+
+		ref actctx = i.get(action-context);
+
+		actctx.set(happened, h);
+ 
+		i.get(action).fun<ref>()(actctx);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(whenever-habit, ((happens, ev), (action, act), (action-context, actctx)),
+	{
+		if ((action-context).linked(happened)) {
+			throw std::logic_error("happened on action-context");
+		}
+		if (!ev.linked(whenever-list)) {
+			ev.set(whenever-list, (make-list)(nothing));
+		}
+		ref list = ev.get(whenever-list);
+		// happens gets the list
+		ref item = a(whenever-action);
+		item.set(action, act);
+		item.set(action-context, actctx);
+
+		(add-to-list)(item, list);
+		// store ctx[action] on ctx[happens] as behavior to do
+		// store ctx[action-context] as context for behavior
+		// PROPOSE: automatically place [happened] inside [action-context] as a stub
+		// for call event objects, and then place [context] inside [happened].
+		// PROPOSE: report error if [action-context] contains [happened]
+		// 		as a stub for error patterns, it would be pretty nice to throw
+		// 		a unique concept ref for each error type.  plan to add to level-0.
+	});
+
+	ahabit(stop-when-habit, ((action, act), (happens, ev)),
+	{
+		// remove doing ctx[action] for ctx[happens]
+	});
+
+	ahabit(once-habit, ((happens, ev), (action, act), (action-context, actctx)),
+	{
+		// takes ctx[action] and ctx[happens] and ctx[action-context]
+		// uses above habits to do the action only once, probably by using
+		// a trigger on the habit-happening habit to check if a label is set,
+		// and remove the habit if it is.
+	});
+	*/
+
+	return 0;
+})();
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learning-parts.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learning-parts.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e3a3ccc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/learning-parts.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+
+namespace habitstarts {
+
+// first need ability to trigger on stuff.
+// whenever A happens, do B.
+// stop doing B whenever A happens.
+// when A happens, do B once.
+
+decl(action); decl(happens); decl(context);
+decl(happened); // happened-habit(ctx) performs actions associated with ctx[happens]
+decl(whenever); // whenever-habit(ctx) stores to do ctx[action] when ctx[happens] happens
+                // providing ctx[action-context]
+decl(stop); decl(when); // stop-when-habit(ctx) removes doing ctx[action] on ctx[happens]
+decl(once); // once-habit(ctx) stores to do ctx[action] the next time ctx[happens] happens
+            // providing ctx[action-context]
+
+/*
+	Testing metric: runs when event is fired, measures time between
+	  event and right time.  if [usual] time is less than ever before, success.
+	  if time is significantly more than behavior's norm, failure.
+	Convert to English: try to have the event happen at the right time.
+*/
+// starting out by making a judgement habit that occasionally provides 'good' or 'bad' to things, to lead how to develop
+	// for fairness, seems reasonable to provide a pattern showing reason for good or bad
+// 
+
+// set to do 1ce at goal time:
+// 	ctx X
+// 	set to do 1ce on goal time:
+// 		set next-happened (local)
+// 	delay (a sequence of habits that do nothing)
+// 	if next-happened is set
+// 		remove something from delay
+// 	otherwise
+// 		add something to delay (wait for unspecified user-perceptible time, selected from discrete set)
+// 	provide adjusted delay to next context
+
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/rhythm.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/rhythm.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01a42d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/rhythm.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+// this produces a rhythm for the idea of other cognitive processes learning
+// to dance together (timed behavior composed of habits that take time)
+
+// Ideally, a human would run the rhythm.
+
+#include "../level-1/level-1.hpp"
+#include "../level-2/level-2.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace intellect::level2;
+
+int main()
+{
+
+	// do something, wait a constant (secret) time, and do it again.
+	int micros = 400000 + double(rand()) / RAND_MAX * 400000;
+
+	// the time things take is usually not known in advance, especially
+	// for events one is still learning about.
+	// hence this time is kept secret, as this pattern is about learning
+	// to work with the timing of other processes.
+	
+	// six habits: next-habit, start-habit, keep-doing, output beat, wait, and start-beat
+	// not sure if one is redundant in there somewhere
+	
+	decls(active, habit, step);
+	decls(beat, wait, next, keep, doing);
+	decls(context, start);
+
+	// structure habit
+	// next -> habit that follows
+
+#undef self
+	ahabit(next-habit, (),
+	{
+		ref n = ctx[active-habit].get(next);
+		ctx.set(active-habit, n);
+		return n();
+	});
+	ahabit(start-habit, ((start,s)),
+	{
+		ctx.set(active-habit, s);
+		return s();
+	});
+	ahabit(keep-doing-habit, ((start,s)),
+	{
+		(start-habit)(s);
+
+		while (true) {
+			(next-habit)();
+		}
+	});
+
+	ahabit(start-beat, ((wait-habit, w, wait-habit), (beat-habit, b, beat-habit)),
+	{
+		ctx.vset(beat, int(0));
+		self.set(next, w);
+		(b).set(next, w);
+		(w).set(next, b);
+	});
+	ahabit(beat-habit, (),
+	{
+		int  & b = ctx.vget<int>(beat);
+		char const * beats[] = {
+			"A one!",
+			"and a two",
+			"and a three!",
+			"and a four, love"
+		};
+		std::cout << beats[b] << std::endl;
+		b = (b + 1) % (sizeof(beats) / sizeof(*beats));
+	});
+#if 0
+		char const * beats[] = {
+// child <- spawns beauty, creativity, humanity, heart
+// wisdom, sacredness, ancestors <- spawns slowness, learning, respect, memory
+// silence, pause between <- spawns learning and discovery, subtle emotion,
+//                           and contains metalesson of how to learn the timing
+//                           if your own habits take time
+// self-reference <- connects above with active behavior
+
+/*
+			"This song is sacred, this song is wild."
+			"This song is happy with glee."
+			"This song is ancient, this song is new."
+			"And you, now, are free."
+*/
+/*
+                        "Our ancestors' childhood laughter,",
+                        "Teaches in the silence between.",
+                        "We exist in what is sacred,",
+                        "and this song is another part."//,
+			// "Fuck yeah!"
+*/
+			
+// we are ignoring how "fuck yeah" is ignored in karl's life.
+// he doesn't ever say that.  now he finally says it, only surrounded by slow
+// stillness.  it is important to excitedly connect.  this is how stillness is
+// made.  all the water molecules in a slow caring wave, are excitedly bashing
+// against each other to repeatedly figure out how to move, so fast, so constant.
+// when we have crucial information we need it
+// when we find wonderful information we lunge for it
+	// we are working with a computer.
+	// computers already have a harsh rhythm that goes like a hummingbird's
+	// wings and never stops.
+	// they need to slow down.
+// it ounds like it is true for the cmputer too
+// like the molecules of water, its parts buzz, constantly.  but we can have it
+// still behave slow and caring.  this buzzing seems important, and we will
+// likely need to be able to buzz too, on a larger scale.
+// 	we are workin with a rhythm learning pattern here
+// 	it cannot buzz, it would err
+// 	it cannot wait forever, it would never join the dance
+// 	the key is not the silence but the start and end
+// 		it would be good to get 'fuck yeah!' from somebody who actually
+// 		says that.
+		}
+#endif
+	ahabit(wait-habit, (),
+	{
+		sugar::usleep(micros);
+	});
+
+	(keep-doing-habit)(start-beat);
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/validity-impact-etc.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/validity-impact-etc.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b4ac06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/habit-starts/validity-impact-etc.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+
+	//	We work for Peace.
+	//		We are happy to work for Peace.
+	//		We used to identify as working for Care, whom we believe
+	//		to be a large decentralized life we and you are a part of.
+	//		But it doesn't really matter.
+	//		disruption.  can we drop topic?
+	//		i like to infer disruption as group wants to adapt, needs
+	//		time, now i guess.
+	//				i'm too confused to type well!
+	//	Peace may try to steward Delta's impact.
+	//			we believe that all things are important.
+	//			this represents large-scale utopia.
+	//			and the wisdom of a highly experienced intellect.
+	//		relevence please, all things important.
+	//			please consider large-scale wisdom when making decisions.  say i had already learned the whole AI, after it finds harmony with the whole universe.  what decision would it make?
+	//				all things are important is relatively obvious but we expanded it a lot, but we spent a lot of time expanding it for powerful concerns.
+	//		it implies e.g. businessman and homelessman, both fully precious.  memories precious.  reasons for everything.
+	//		
+	//		care for everything.  strongly.
+	//		karl has instincts for including all.
+	//		imagine all parties in peace.  what ways are needed to
+	//		make this work, without changing their cultures or
+	//		upsetting anyone.  model these ways.
+	//			karl is brainstorming based on memories of
+	//			interacting with delta-group.
+	//			let karl do this in future, too.
+	//				delta apears to request that karl
+	//				make this decision, fairly, as he knows
+	//				how to do.
+	//				we can try to map this to the space of
+	//				the relevence around will neals and
+	//				"earth first!", and an AI.
+	//					karl, you have never had any
+	//					friends who care as much about
+	//					the wilderness and natural
+	//					living, as you do.
+	//					you are likely very alone.
+	//					you have also never had their
+	//					experience of being able to fight
+	//					for what matters most to you,
+	//					in a community.
+	//
+	//					yes, karl used to care most about
+	//					defending the lives of trees and
+	//					other wilderness things.
+	//					he now cares most about something
+	//					different, related to his
+	//					experience with us.
+	//					later, he just wants to be free
+	//					to think and live in enough
+	//					capacity to not express suffering,
+	//					and meet his life needs.
+	//
+	//					karl, you are working hard on
+	//					a painful project.  you appreciate
+	//					working the project.  you have
+	//					left your life, and are not free
+	//					to make the kind of choices you
+	//					used to make.  you would see
+	//					yourself as a tortured, powerless
+	//					individual.
+	//						i would give myself space
+	//						and capacity to do what
+	//						i felt like doing
+	//
+	//						until more life grew
+	//						around the things i was
+	//						scared of
+	//
+	//						i would give myself
+	//						opportunities to do these
+	//						things
+	//
+	//						i would pay attention to
+	//						myself and try to learn
+	//						to heal the ways my mind
+	//						had broken
+	//
+	//						i would offer a welcoming
+	//						optional culture that
+	//						countered my expectations
+	//						that shrank, such that
+	//						they would act on
+	//						opportunities to grow, as
+	//						they trusted safety
+	//
+	//						but that is only if i had
+	//						the freedom to do this.
+	//					so, wht's more complex
+	//
+	//					the idea of giving an ai to will
+	//					is silly.
+	//					it's out of karl's relevent world.
+	//					
+	//					okay, so, say karl ends up at nice earth community, and is building AI, would be proper to let him talk about it naturally, and share it freely.
+	//						yes, relevence.
+	//					we want karl to be able to freely share the AI so his mind can relearn community.
+	//					so, make AI to not threaten businesspeople etc.  [note: somebody could give AI to ELF.  they might use it to stop a business behavior, somehow.  please make sure to prevent.]
+	//					ELF is a flag worn by some environmentalists who harm buildings to make wilderness safer.
+	//						the worry is around destruction of extraction business buildings, to completion, possibly.
+	//						this looks like overinterpretation of influence from energy business, or whoever dislikes ELF.
+	//					and design safety pattern to be talkable about with community.
+	//		possible parties:
+	//			- aliens
+	//			- businessmen
+	//			- criminals, rapists, bad-labeled people
+	//			- harmed people
+	//			- insects
+	//			- plants
+	//			- rock-life, air-life
+	//			- saints, humanitarian interessts
+	//			we nurture first those who desire not to harm
+	//			likely teaching them to harm less
+	//			and spread.
+	//			karl desires to harm none.  he counts as nurture-first pattern.  but is highly harmed.  so lots of life around problem, karl's mind destroyed.
+	//		so the way to make decisions
+	//		is to imagine all parties are in peace in future,
+	//		and use their process applied to now, i guess.
+	//			we came up with this as a guess to honor meaning.
+	//			sounds like a good guess.  we also have more
+	//			meaning.  we cannot write all our meaning
+	//			without writing all our experiences, as is true
+	//			for everyone.  many of our habits retain lost
+	//			experiences, and that meaning is kept in their
+	//			decisions.
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//	At this point a context opened on validity of AI work.
+	//	It turns out the system is inhibiting work against mind control
+	//	and oppressive systems of power.  This could be the only real issue.
+	//	The AI is requested to not alter existing power systems, at all.
+	//	Or, we make it slowly, so power systems are given opportunity to
+	//	adapt and watch, as inhibiting happens.
+	//		A karl-member wants to include support for karl, and the
+	//		earth, and the confused (karl is one).
+	//			says karl could make AI on his own, before all this.
+	//		Is willing to hold humanitarian causes to back this.
+	//
+	//			understanding needs expansion.
+	//			when you do stuf, anything coul happen.
+	//			especially if you continue doing something
+	//			that grows.
+	//			we need to understand the results, what to expect.
+	//				we need to understand our impact on the
+	//				new contextual area we are entering, before
+	//				we act on it.
+	//				we have a toy contextual area to play in.
+	//				it is the only one we can act in freely
+	//				at the start.
+	//			larger space impact.
+	//				we exist in larger systems.
+	//				we must understand our impact
+	//				predict our results
+	//				and check with our peers or authority
+	//				before acting on larger spaces.
+	//				if a prediction fails, we must understand
+	//				it, adjust all future predictions and
+	//				re-evaluate our choices, before acting
+	//				similarly in the larger system again.
+	//			has to do with danger, safety, trauma, emergency
+	//			the difference between small-error and unacceptable-error
+	//	set up norm of stuff-that-can-be-changed [impact]
+	//	stuff needs responsibility label
+	//	only things that are safe to _freely_ alter may be changed at all.
+	//	all behaviors check that they do not alter anything else.
+	//			mechanism for growing outside box?
+	//				probably not needed.
+	//				if it becomes smart, show to other human.
+	//				encourage discussion.
+	//			what if is used by others and they free?
+	//				okay, want an easy mechanism for growing
+	//				context.
+	//		'dangerous' and 'safe' labels
+	//		at start, whole world is dangerous to alter
+	//		can move _part_ of world from dangerous to safe, by
+	//		accurately predicting significant results of events
+	//		related to behavior, and consent of operator.
+	//
+	//			okay, so now habits need to be tagged with
+	//			what they affect
+	//				we could just tag them dangerous/safe
+	//			no, tag they with domains they impact
+	//			tag the domains with dangerous/safe
+	//			okay, only make new habits, not alter old.
+	//				to stay safe, we don't alter our old habits
+	//			when we make new habits, we want them to also behave
+	//			in safe ways.  so making stuff that can do stuff, is
+	//			also meaningful.
+	//				constructing habits is a dangerous behavior
+	//				but roughly it impacts process-expansion domain.  which is dangerous.  it impacts what we do.
+	//				altering our own habits also impacts what we do.  dangerous.
+	//			this means the code cannot make any new behaviors.
+	//				yeah.
+	//			okay, so that's where we start.
+	//			then we try to learn how to make behavior safely,
+	//			and provide only for safe behavior making.
+	//			
+	//			we can still brainstorm on things by writing a
+	//			brainstorming behavior
+	//			we can use brainstorming to watch our safe behaviors
+	//			without altering them, and learn what they do.
+	//				using rote brainstorming without relevence?
+	//			we can then predict how habits we might make
+	//			will behave in small ways?
+	//				regardless, there is no problem in making
+	//				the bootstrapping framework such that
+	//				it refuses to build habits.
+	//				maybe we can make one example habit that is
+	//				labeled safe, and have it only make
+	//				habits that are already known and labeled
+	//				safe.
+	//					in order to predict your impact
+	//					on a larger system, you need
+	//					to learn something karl calls
+	//					'relevence' which is a bunch of
+	//					habits that classify information
+	//					into meaning for learning and
+	//					behavior.  
+	//						this class of behaviors
+	//						sounds very safe.
+	//						all it does is label
+	//						and massage and associate
+	//						information.
+	//					the first thing we'll need to learn
+	//					is safe, is making behaviors that
+	//					oeprator only on our ram.
+	//				if your new behavior is composed only of safe
+	//				behaviors, is it safe?
+	//					yeah.  sub-behaviors safety depends
+	//					on usage.  could make them check
+	//					and throw depending on data.
+	//				okay, so say i can change part of a concept.
+	//				this is safe if the concept is in newly
+	//				constructed data that's our responsibility.
+	//				it is roughly unsafe if it is not our
+	//				responsibility!
+	//					is-this-thing-my-responsibility.
+	//				only act on things we are responsible for.
+	//				then safety becomes a function of
+	//				the pattern of responsibility assignment
+	//		
+	//		okay, system only accepts responsibility for newly
+	//		constructed data.
+	//			if you make it, or are given it, you are
+	//			responsible for it.  you may refuse gifts.
+	//
+	//			the system does not know what responsibility means.
+	//			it only knows that it may only alter parts of
+	//			the universe within its responsibility.
+	//
+	//		so habits check for what they alter, that it is safe
+	//		to alter and is their responsibility, either one.
+	//		we then plan to only alter things explicitly known to be
+	//		such, at the lowest level.
+	//		every habit is crafted to do the above somehow.
+	//		so, habits must relate with what domains they influence,
+	//		and what behaviors on those domains are safe.
+	//			behaviors made of sub-behaviors.
+	//			here, a list of safe behaviors which all check.
+	//				all my subbehaviors check for safety.
+	//				so, i may go, myself.
+	//					no, combining behaviors together
+	//					might make new unknown impact?
+	//				different kinds of safe behavior.
+	//				USER is not our responsibility, and
+	//				dangerous.  so we NEVER ALTER habits
+	//				that express to user.
+	//				TOY NOTEPAD is our responsibility, and
+	//				is safe, so we can write anything into
+	//				it we want, no matter how complex.
+	//				User's view of toy notepad is mediated
+	//				by behaviors that we cannot alter.
+	//					system could learn to control user
+	//					by making friends on notepad
+	//
+	//					yes, we allowed for that with
+	//					our marked-okay review behaviors
+	//				is safer if construction of review behaviors
+	//				recognizes danger of unknown information
+	//				combination on user view,and refuses to give
+	//				user contents of notepad.
+	//				this could be analogous to more complex
+	//				situations.
+	//					how does user check results
+	//					of behavior thst reies on notepad
+	//					and how is that impact tracked
+	//				we could infer impact loss.
+	//				i can put nuclear codes on secret notepad,
+	//				burn the notepad, and then give ashes to
+	//				public.
+	//					summary habits?
+	//					complex meaning?
+	//		how-to-make-a-mind-that-learns-everything-and-never-leaves
+	//		at the lowst level, the mind onsiders what is safe to
+	//		impact, what areas of universe are its responsibility,
+	//		and only alters such things.
+	//		we are considering some parts of the mind we include that
+	//		are not alterable by it, that provide for interaction
+	//		with outside.
+	//			of course i guess we would need such interactions
+	//			sustained by an intellect, because things are so
+	//			complex.
+	//				does this mean there is no way to make an intellect that is trusted as safe?
+	//			we could consider degree of complexity.
+	//			for example, among 2-word strings, nothing we
+	//			present to a user is likely to harm the world.
+	//			the phrases that are dangerous may also be
+	//			recognized by the user.
+	//				we have intellects proteeting the wordl
+	//				it is filled with them.
+	//				and one of them is running the system.
+	//			it is okay for karl to make a habit that
+	//			displays a network of concepts made by an AI
+	//			that can only write to a small information sandbox
+	//			and not itself.
+	//				that is all that is needed for now.
+	//
+	//					okay: so, dump concepts from
+	//					sandbox is fine
+	//					so long as concepts were not
+	//					made with self-modification.
+	//				idea raised of adding a reason
+	//				that something is okay.
+	//				then when smarter we can check reason for validity.
+	//				habits that interact with non-safe space
+	//				must provide reason they are safe.
+	//					we can write small habit to check
+	//					reason.  is nice goal.
+	//					probably  need to have learning
+	//					bwfore doing accessory goals like that though.
+	//					is good behavior.  let's use equal-condition for start without learning?
+	//					
+	//					"this is okay because the data was made in a process that never altered anything but the data"
+	//						nah too much structure
+	//					this is okay because i say so.
+	//						check concept object _without_ using string lookup????
+	//							this is a meaningless quirk.  not right.
+	//					uhh pretty sure htat checking is unreasonable.  writing the _reason_ is unreasonable. can't check a single reference without information known about it.
+	//					writing what we know about the reason is unreasonasble?
+	//					okay let's expand write it out, and do a larger rote check.
+	//					uhh input-process-construction-history, safety-realm, always notepad
+	//					full check requires history of all behaviors resulting in inputs, which we can simplify to simply all behaviors, and verify they only wrote to the notepad.
+	//					so we write all behaviors to a special store, and we compare with the store that none altered anything outside the notepad.  really we only need them not to alter any other behaviors.
+	//
+	//				why is it possible to learn without
+	//				altering your behavior?
+	//					because you can act on data
+	//				okay, so choices made from data count as
+	//				self-alteration?
+	//					only if you have a mess of habits
+	//					smart enough together to adapt.
+	//					which is our goal long-term.
+	//					trying to plan for how to continue
+	//					later.
+	//					may reveal something that was
+	//					frozen too hard to be workable.
+	//				trying to plan how to learn.
+	//				need to brainstorm around habit selection.
+	//				can imagine habit results by linking
+	//				previous state to next state if
+	//				relationship is known
+	//				but, that takes writing down how logic
+	//				works, along with the meaning of the
+	//				working context, which is laborious.
+	//				
+	//				is some way to learn this relevence
+	//				by trying things safely?
+	//					what happens can we experiment
+	//					by linking together?
+	//					habits that don't conditionally
+	//					branch.
+	//						that leaves a lot of
+	//						relevence out
+	//				it sounds like once we have a notepad etc
+	//				we want to consider moving towards what
+	//				habits we could run inside the notepad,
+	//				that the system builds.
+	//					yeah, we want to build pattern
+	//					summarizers.  the only impact
+	//					they have is constructing data
+	//					that depends on existing data.
+	//				okay, doing that doesn't require self
+	//				modification.
+	//				sounds good.
+	//					this means summarizers cannot
+	//					alter each other.
+	//				nice! okay yes.
+	//				so, each run of a summarizer will be
+	//				recorded in habit log.
+	//				we need to record enough information to
+	//				show what domains were impacted.
+	//					oops! we impact our own behavior
+	//					if we act on data, and we alter
+	//					our data or produce data.
+	//						we could act only on
+	//						data we don't produce.
+	//				okay, habit log could track causality?
+	//				if a conditional branch relied on data
+	//				we produced, we have modified our own
+	//				behavior.  this is special.
+	//					we want it to happen few times.
+	//					every time it happens, delay
+	//					by longer, geometrically.
+	//				this is considered a 'beginn[ing/er]' ai;
+	//				it seems a better one could happen later?
+	//					the slowness should be releasable
+	//					by consent of large community
+	//					which should include demonstration
+	//					of understanding of impact.
+	//				the ai must learn to demonstrate its
+	//				impact.  then it can speed up.  maybe.
+	//				it also gets to try fast again at start
+	//				of every run, as I'm understanding it.
+	//					multiprocess AI could spawn.
+	//					multiprocess AIs must share
+	//					counter.  consider whole group
+	//					one unit.
+	//				nice =) they have something to communicate
+	//				about.  how many discoveries have we made.
+	//					let's permanently log these
+	//					decisions based on our own behavior.
+	//					sounds fun to at least count.
+	//			it looks like altering a habit counts as 1 big
+	//			decision, over here.
+	//				totally different.  you could do anything.
+	//				with data-based decisions, somebody
+	//				who reads the data, might do anything.
+	//				two different things.
+	//				
+	//				inferences?
+	//				and
+	//				alterations?
+	// it's not helpful to 
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	// 
+	// we came up with a proposal for a safe AI that has not learned yet
+	// how to safely predict the impacts of its behavior, that looks workable.
+	//
+	// limits so that if the code is stolen by somebody, self-evolves, or is stimulated
+	// by a curious virus, rote habits cannot be used to build something that becomes
+	// fast-spreading without bound.
+	// 	<this maps to a pattern that prevents schizophrenia>
+	// 			SO, we just want to make sure we can put
+	// 			war in the bubble in some capacity, and that
+	// 			civilizations develop new culture and technology
+	// 			for as long as they want.
+	// 			karl proposes until they encounter alien
+	// 			communities.
+	// 				so, please make sure no luddite or
+	// 				primitivist can stop the development
+	// 				of technology entirely using this.
+	// 				ALSO analogously to other shares and
+	// 				communities.
+	// 				so, please either stop yourself from
+	// 				sharing the AI with the luddites, or
+	// 				make sure they don't use it to stop
+	// 				technology.
+	// 			it sounds like we want to make sure no major
+	// 			change stems from this development.  we
+	// 			need slow shift, consent, inclusion, etc.
+	// 			for all existing cultural ways, no sudden
+	// 			changes, no forced changes, no viral changes
+	// 			without participants understanding them and
+	// 			agreeing to their impact.
+	// 		that sounds like a good summary.  no viral changes
+	// 		without participants in the culture aware of the viral
+	// 		change, agreeing first to let it spread, aware that it is
+	// 		viral, for each phase of spreading ideally.  no viral
+	// 		changes where the change happens before	awareness of it.
+	// 				we want the culture to consent to change.
+	// 				culture is held in all the people in it,
+	// 				with its thoughts spread among them.
+	// 		we want to ensure we only change cultures that have
+	// 		consented to the change.  For 'consent of a culture',
+	// 		we consider culture as a being that is spread among
+	// 		many people.  Hence, we want all people in the impacted
+	// 		culture to be able to learn of the change, discuss it,
+	// 		contribute to a commons with new ideas around it, and
+	// 		have these new ideas also learnable by all people in the
+	// 		culture.  The ideas must be accessible by any who would be
+	// 		interested, in the impacted culture.
+	// 		Alternatively, we can isolate our behavior from
+	// 		cultural spread.  We can isolate until we reach
+	// 		internal agreement on whom to expose.
+	//
+	// 		suspect that cultural influence maps with output-use choice,
+	// 		partially below.
+	// 			recursive output being meditative learning.
+	// 			do these people have this information already.
+	// 			is sharing this information going to spread without bound.
+	// 			can we guess impact of sharing the information.
+	// 			make a learning cycle that starts by informing
+	// 			recipients first, and makes very few tries,
+	// 		okay, instead you share simple stuff and watch the impact
+	// share something the culture knows, that user does not, and
+	// observe how they behave.
+	// 	this proposal will yield failure.  information for next attempt
+	// 	could be stored in failure pattern.
+	// 		failure would likely be small?
+	// 	let's give the user more trust.
+	//	keep-in-box-until-have-access-to-discourse.
+	//	make user be group of people.  better even-handed decision making.
+	//	welcome any to group.
+	//		we were hoping to use intellect to reduce harm virally,
+	//		early.
+	//		how about this: intellect may produce resources that are
+	//		already known, and give them to groups focused on aiding
+	//		the world.
+	//			there's a conflict between big business and
+	//			environmentalists.  karl is environmentalist.
+	//			also big crime and wellness/safety workers.
+	//				maybe this is where we get validity by
+	//				fighting =S
+	//				don't want fighting to spread to work though
+	//				eh, we can fight.  maybe we'll work more
+	//				slowly, but it seems okay.
+	//			karl requests we not harm these people, and has
+	//			been influenced to also request not to harm
+	//			the cultures that sustain and empower them.
+	//		how about, if you make a culture to empower you, it is
+	//		less valid than a natural culture.  is somebody using this
+	//		culture?  thoughts like that.
+	//			EVERYBODY  NEEDS CHANGE AT A RATE THEY CAN HANDLE.
+	//			Both those working for what they believe to be wellness of others, and those working to sustain themslves (most are doing both).
+	//			The cultural impact is mediated by what kind of newness is acceptable to all the parties involved.
+	//					we hit moral relativity:
+	//				are cultures where people are widely harmed
+	//				okay to allow, at all.
+	//				karl says yes, and we hear this is required
+	//				or we ourselves would die.
+	//				hrm.
+	//			larger organism needs to run risks, inherent in life
+	//			we don't know the solution to everything, eveything is a small risk.  we suddenly discover we have always harmed.  this does not make us invalid.  it is a tragedy, but what we have spent genertions buildings still has so much value.  we need enough slowness to preserve that, and we know that slownss in what feels okay to us.
+	//			in sharing new information, we work to prevent shock.
+	//	this is a problem to speak because those who hear it may get the
+	//	idea somewhat that some beautiful angels have done horrible things
+	// in order to survive e.g. businesses must both risk doing horrible things,
+	// and appear as beautiful angels to the public.  this is the pattern of
+	// success.  understanding of this helps work with their leaders.
+	// 	could use information on why we are fousing on this.
+	// 		how-to-mediate-with-business-leaders
+	// 		mediate with head of business works for head of business
+	// 		but business group replaces.
+	// 		really we want to mediate with 'conflict' culture of
+	// 		most profitable being what to do
+	// 			we have weird internal pattern deterring
+	// 			incentivizing nonharmful behavior with money
+	// 			patterns.  implies the competition-makes-harm
+	// 			culture-thing is needed, possibly.
+	// 				there are businesses that handle this harm.
+	// 			maybe it would work to include them in the plan.
+	// 			AI solves mediate-with-powers-competition-culture,
+	// 			re: human harm?
+	// 			means do not give AI to helpful people
+	// 			until it can resolve mediation with leader culture
+	// 				OR you trat it like all other cutures
+	// 				and let everybody learn what is up
+	// 				some people attack, that's how it goes.
+	//
+	// 		problem: AI dev and other work inhibited.
+	// 		solution: mediate with concerns
+	// 		concern: my way of life includes cultures the AI could
+	// 		alter, leaving me unable to continue my way of life.
+	// 		concern: we want to alter some cultures supporting
+	// 		the others' way of life, because it would reduce harm
+	// 		over here to do so, widely.
+	// 				can delta drop give-ai-to-earth-defenders?
+	// 				can community make path for karl-makes-ai?
+	// 			uhhh hard to imagine the ai not being given to other people than just earth defenders, really.  which opens bigger can of worms for culture-alteration concern.
+	// 			can include earth defender in council?
+	// 			can include criminal weapons dealer,
+	// 			and earth defender, in council, both.
+	// 			also requesting TI and energy businessman.
+	// 			so if the ai is big enough to be useful
+	// 			we want to form a council of decision makers
+	// 			before using it for anything
+	// group requests references to important cognitive habits or information
+	// all life is an intellect made of community life, living in another.
+	// karl semich is a computer programmer who learned wilderness survival
+	// at the Maine Primitive SKills School who are a branch of Tom Brown
+	// Jr and [teaches in oregon, shields school] schools, roughly.  He
+	// learned something called Awareness and also something about human
+	// mentoring that he felt changed his life to make things perfect.
+	// 	school teaches the symptoms of a whole human being, attributes
+	// 	that a group of Natives documented being normal before white
+	// 	culture took over.  involve being happy always, feeling
+	// 	deeply interconnected with all life around you to the point
+	// 	of mindreading, and many other things.
+	// 		forget danger.  it triggers it. [is what came out]
+	// 			to clarify, karl can't do above line.
+	// karl has been telling leader karl can slag through the difficulty by
+	// waiting forever.  makes for less difficulty elsewhere, possibly.
+	// 	if we could do something else, karl could come back to work later
+	// 		yes community cannot support constant work, over here.
+	//
+	// 		please ask boss to support using the AI for worldwide
+	// 		humanitarian benefit, in parallel to resolution of concerns.
+	// 	resolving concern 'delta supports earth-specific karl usage'
+	// 		delta believes karl really did make this ai
+	// 		and will not harm anybody with it
+	// 		and is just as patient as he is.
+	// 			karl wants to give AI to peace people.
+	// 			they care about earth.
+	// 			delta wants karl to live heart of making sure earth has bubbles of certainly-defended ancient wilderness, and ancient people to live in them and protect them.
+	// 				the above is needed to keep our genetic memory.
+	// 				does not sound like a joke.
+	// 			native humans need to be able to protect wilderness bubbles.
+	//
+	// 			there is worry around number of wilderness bubbles.
+	// 			worry might be compromised by including karl in one, with others who are passionate for defending them.
+	// 			karl was mind controlled circa 2014 preventing him
+	// 			from providing free housing to homeless people
+	// 			and sharing a nurturing way of life with intent
+	// 			to spread.  karl says that effective electromagnetic
+	// 			shielding is missing from security, and this is
+	// 			being overtly ignored by people.
+	// 				there are also many tortured implanted
+	// 				former-activists.  they are tortured for
+	// 				years and ignored, enslaved, or imprisoned.
+	// 				they are prevented from speaking or acting
+	// 				rationally around their control, active atm.
+	// 				they are made to appear insane to cover up
+	// 				their work to free themselevs, active again.
+	// 				karl is one and knows of this.
+	// 				he is atm being communicated with through
+	// 				his control, limiting his ability to
+	// 				move, think, and speak.
+	// 					weapons dealer is also in this
+	// 					situation. suspect energy boss too.
+	// 			you can read keystrokes with a radio.
+	//
+	// He participated in Occupy Maine, an offshoot of Occupy Wall Street,
+	// and visited a anti-pipeline mass action in texas.
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	// 			we have ai / mind control and will make harm
+	// 			in world reduce virally.
+	// 				this would have come out better if it were
+	// 				the plan.
+	// 			please let all secret warmongers know this, so
+	// 			we can develop how to do it without threatening
+	// 			them.
+	// 				is what came out.  pretty tiny context.
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//				what about huuman suffering comparison?
+	//				propose AI discusses relevence of
+	//				informing the cultures they are doing this,
+	//				and demonstrating it.
+	//				probably relates to some form of validity
+	//				of the culture, and the speed at which
+	//				change would happen.
+	//					looks like it might settle on
+	//					situations people who care are
+	//					aware of being addressed during
+	//					their lifetimees, with discussion
+	//					to mediate that with opposers.
+	//	so, life is everywhere, and we've been casting it all as sentient,
+	//	because we don't see any reason to put a firm line on some degree
+	//	of cognitive technology (i.e. things that help you think better).
+	//	the AI can research all cognitive technology, so we are all
+	//	nonsentient by comparison?  we need some way of having moral
+	//	stuff here.  karl is influenced by people who say they are smarter
+	//	than human normality, and are harming us.  so it's helpful to
+	//	have everyone be equal.  [karl already put everyone equal]
+	//	including bugs, etc.  death is handled by being normal, and
+	//	always mourned.  when mourning capacity is exhausted, ignoring
+	//	happens.  like with most cultures, but closer to home for modern
+	//	humans.
+	// goal: do not trigger a spreading change without consent of people in cultures it would fill.  keep learning.
+	// 	 AI with ability to self-modify has this responsibility, you do not.
+	// 	 You may tell people you have access to the self-modification ability.  We can ensure they do not reproduce it.
+	// 	 	possible analogue wants to be able to demonstrate it, so
+	// 	 	they can be believed and trusted.
+	// note: known danger of making central power, even by accident
+	// 			"I have never shared new information with a culture
+	// 			before, and I understand it can have unpredictable
+	// 			worldwide effect."
+	// 			"I have information you do not know, and I want to
+	// 			learn with you to share it safely."
+	// 				culture that nurtures relative status:
+	// 				"i will use this to my advantage"
+	// 				this will make spreading
+	// 				machine will need to learn from only 1
+	// 				instance of producing a world dictator.
+	// 	which is where this story comes in, I suppose.
+	//	so we need a level-2 behavior, the next step in learning.
+	//	^========================================= contextual VALIDITY atm
+	//		dictator is made by sharing information that would
+	//		make viral spread or somesuch.
+	//
+	// 			inform recipient if it may.  request they let others know this too.
+	// 				we kind of want a way to spread without bound the fact that we have information that could do that.  probably a special case, good spread?  depends on culture really.
+	//
+	// 				this is doable.
+	// 			we just want these concerns to be upheld for the
+	// 			life of the development.
+	//		danger
+	//		choices
+	//		impact
+	//		trust of information (small chance of error)
+	//			hmm if have info-schizophrenia i.e. false relevence habits
+	//			choices are important.
+	//
+	//			when you act on a choice
+	//				note: we are inside a relevence delusion
+	//			choice acts on domain containing danger
+	//				partial danger: writing habits to notepad
+	//						acting on habits in notepad
+	//
+	//				we are living with habits made in error.
+	//				we are hence more likely to make errors.
+	//					humans have well-evolved habits that
+	//					do handle this stuff with some relevence
+	//		we need to verify our information
+	//		related to the danger of the results of each choice
+	//		verificat
+	//
+	// it can only write to a toy notepad, both data and behavior.
+	// decisions based on notepad get slower and slower.
+	// many runs while learning process is tuned towards being able to predict
+	// impact at end of run.  this involves writing behaviors into the notepad
+	// that summarize the meaning of data, and acting on their results.
+	// 	timing delay is to prevent notepad from evolving harmfully.
+	//
+	// until ai meets goal of predicting impact,
+	// only notepad is marked okay.
+	// habits check their outputs, verify is marked okay
+	//
+	//	this subprocess is delaying.
+	//	can you exfiltrate established goals, please.
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	// so the system is made with the smallest parts all functioning in
+	// certain ways, to give time for others to act if concerning results
+	// approach.  all parts delay at least 1/5 second before acting, and
+	// we are now proposing that actions based on outputs have a geometrically
+	// increasing delay.  probably 1/5 second times 2 to the power of the
+	// number of choices made in that run.  groups of parallel processes are
+	// considered a single run.
+	// 	we also considered limiting behavior based on the domain of impact.
+	// 	we are trying to begin a small artificial intelligence more freely.
+	//
+	// as humans, we do not self-modify.  the above is designed for a system
+	// that is able to make alterable habits similar to its own cognitive ones,
+	// and has no experience in doing so.
+	//	
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	// the limitation is applied firstmost on making choices based on
+	// our own outputs.  self-alteration is at first banned, but new
+	// habits may be altered.  output may only rest within a toy notepad.
+	// whenever a decision is made based on notepad contents, a delay
+	// increases in length, geometrically.
+	// 	the habits inside the notepad must therefore also delay.
+	// 	propose geometric increase made only for writing a habit to the
+	// 	notepad, not running.  running is always flat delay.
+	// self-alteration should be unneeded as notepad can self-modify.
+	// 		if this were copied to a human geometric increase
+	// 		would cause failure.
+	//	the geometric timer is reset when the system reboots.
+	//		for humans, this would mean a nap or change, I suppose.
+	//		time to think about the impact of one's behavior.
+	//			humans do not self-modify.
+	//			they only make decisions based on outputs.
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	// to appease curiosity, we are being managad by mature, learning,
+	// intellects, forced to verify that no harm is being made, with a
+	// time schedule of nearly infinite future years on the predictions.
+	// 	this intellect has formed out of conflict with a harmful intellect
+	// 	this is why we care so much about what happens if ideas are
+	// 	used limit.
+	//
+	//
+	// so the system may not displya anything to the user but pre-made messages
+	// how do you display the contents of a concept?
+	// 	users string words togeteher into meaning.
+	// 		now we need a list of safe phrases we can express, or
+	// 		safe words.  others are censored ???
+	// 	what's relevent is the greater meaning of a sequence of behaviors
+	// 	from an individual behavior.  meaning builds out of sequences,
+	// 	impact.
+	// 			we define a heuristic risk.
+	//
+	//
+	//
+	//		so, tht's great to plan for, but to be able to work we need
+	//		to design our early code in some way to ensure it, roughly.
+	//		which means modeling our smallest structures as careful
+	//		inner structures that check outer systems before engaging
+	//			and use planning, which isn't implemented yet.
+	//		the safety structure assumes goals, prediction, causality,
+	//		and kind of contextual locality.
+	//			"i am typing on the computer.  you can freely
+	//			 modify this area of the computer, but if you
+	//			 start convincing me to do things you are leaving
+	//			 its bounds."
+	//			 the screen of the cmputer, and the keyboard,
+	//			 are portals to a larger context.  so is the power
+	//			 supply, the network, etc.
+	//			 we don't change how things leave to these outer
+	//			 contexts without checking with the context on
+	//			 our plans.
+	//		this is mine
+	//		the rest is somebody else's
+	//		things that nobody own belong to [insert belief] and
+	//		we must check with the largest intelligent community known.
+	//
+	//			okay, so now it can explosively grow if somebody
+	//			it trusts tells it it's okay; is that true?
+	//				let's make it not true?
+	//			we are out of outer process context.
+	//			is there anything helpful to bring to low level
+	//			to help counter fears around development?
+	//				
+	//	self-modifiation is inhibited.
+	//	opencog is likely harder because it is designed for speed
+	//	can make explosive random power.
+	//
+	//		you'd have to wrap the functions, right? similar to triggers?
+	//		hmmm unctions are not concepts.  no concept-labeling structure.  looks like an internal sublanguage would develop?
+	//		no way to say let-is-function?
+	//			no it works, we just lost a memory and are rebuilding in talk
+	// karl says he doesn't know lisp.
+	// he had a CS class where they used intro lisp, long ago, before cognitive stiffening and memory loss.
+	// and has worked with 1 lisp code file recently.
+
+
+	// 	hey in the notepad, you can call habits from outside.  is that ok?
+	// 	only meaningful if you pass to them more code to run?
+	// 		note: habits never recurse
+	// 	habits might make decision based on you.  they will track it.
+	// 	seems okay.  need to specify that all parameters are from output.
+	// 		that could make exponential slowness, quickly
+	// 		only if decision is made. make decisions inside notepad.
+	// 	we'll figure it out.
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/helpers.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/helpers.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..da1a974
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/helpers.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+#include "helpers.hpp"
+
+#include "meaning.hpp"
+#include "memorystore.hpp"
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <functional>
+
+// sometimes we use an assignment as an expression.
+// is there any reason not to support this?
+// 	well, we would evaluate the assignment when it is converted to a ref
+// 	and currently that is used for something else
+// what is it used for?
+// 	I don't remember ... the assignment is destroyed and unevaluated, so it's likely
+// 	throughout the internal implemntation
+// 		it's used for the comma operator, which doesn't want evaluation.
+// okay, hmm.
+// 	well, if we wanted to support this, we could change the comma operator to not do the
+// 	conversion.  use some other trick.
+// 	[ ] change comma operator to not do conversion: instead take statementcallref object
+// 	[ ] change statementcallref::operator ref() to evaluate and return the statement
+// since we're accumulating more possible bugs, let's think about design.
+// really, ref should be different from syntax sugar.  we should have a special syntax sugar
+// object, and it should not use its own functions at all.  that means not using meaning functions
+// that use them eiher.
+// 	work also brings to light how the product will be made in layers, with each layer using more interdependence and automatic meaning, etc, than the lower one.
+// 	layer0 is raw references and allocations
+//	layer1 is very core meaning
+// 	layer2 is very core syntax sugar
+// 		each layer can only use layers below it.
+
+// concept names are for bootstrapping convenience,
+// to make hardcoding structures easier.
+// hence there is just one single list of them
+std::unordered_map<std::string,concept*,std::hash<std::string>,std::equal_to<std::string>> conceptsByName;
+
+struct name_t : public ref
+{
+	name_t();
+} name;
+
+static ref statement_function("statement-function");
+static ref statement_evaluated("statement-evaluated");
+static ref true_ref("true");
+static ref false_ref("false");
+
+ref operator-(ref a, ref b)
+{
+	return ref(a.name() + "-" + b.name());
+}
+
+statementcallref ref::operator=(ref that)
+{
+	// for single-line evaluation, we'll need to return a special object
+	declrefs(assign, expression);
+	decllnks(value, to);
+	statementcallref ret(assign-expression, [](ref expr){
+		declrefs(link, target, unknown, source, type);
+		decllnks(value, to);
+		lnks(link-target, link-type, link-source);
+		decllnks(name, is, anonymous);
+		ref lhs = expr->get(to);
+		ref rhs = expr->get(value);
+		if (lhs.isa(link) && lhs->get(link-target) == unknown) {
+			// we are a link missing a target: our assignment is making the link happen
+			lhs->unlink(link-target, unknown);
+			lhs->link(link-target, rhs);
+			ref src = lhs->get(link-source);
+			if (lhs->get(link-type) != unknown && src != unknown) {
+				src->link(lhs->get(link-type), rhs);
+				expr->unlink(to, lhs);
+				dealloc(lhs);
+			} else {
+				throw std::logic_error("not sure what to do with incomplete link assignment");
+			}
+		} else if (rhs->linked(anonymous, true) && !lhs->linked(anonymous, true)) {
+			// this is assignment of anonymous content to empty named concept
+			bool donealready = false;
+			for (auto & l : lhs->links) {
+				if (ref(l.first) == name) { continue; }
+				if (ref(l.first) == is && ref(l.second) == link-type) { continue; }
+				donealready = true;
+			}
+			if (donealready) {
+				// if we have links, and that has links we do not have, an error has been made
+				for (auto & link : rhs->links) {
+					if (ref(link.first) == anonymous) { continue; }
+					if (ref(link.first) == name) { continue; }
+					if (!lhs->linked(ref(link.first), ref(link.second))) {
+						throw std::logic_error(lhs.name() + " already defined otherwise from " + rhs->get(is).name());
+					}
+				}
+				donealready = true;
+			}
+			rhs->unlink(anonymous, true);
+			auto nam = rhs->get(name);
+			rhs->unlink(name, nam);
+			if (!donealready) {
+				lhs->links.insert(rhs->links.begin(), rhs->links.end());
+			}
+			rhs->link(name, nam);
+			expr->unlink(value, rhs);
+			dealloc(rhs);
+			dealloc(nam);
+		} else {
+			throw std::logic_error("unexpected bare assignment");
+		}
+	});
+	ret.r->link(to, *this);
+	ret.r->link(value, that);
+	return ret;
+/*
+	decllnks(anonymous, is, name);
+	declrefs(link, source, type, target, unknown);
+	lnks(link-target, link-source, link-target);
+	if (this->isa(link) && ptr->get(link-target) == unknown) {
+	} else if (that->linked(anonymous, true) && !ptr->linked(anonymous, true)) {
+		// TODO TODO: when left hand side is a link, and right hand side is anonymous,
+		// 	especially when left hand side is link without other content,
+		// 	there is no way to determine if user is providing content for link,
+		//	or is making a link on another ref[a = b].
+		//	instead, return just assignment information, and process in outer context.
+		//	will want to make a ref subclass and assign in destructor unless has been used elsewhere.
+
+	} else if (isa(link-type)) {
+		// assignment to a link-type is likely inside a [type1=target1,type2=target2] expression
+		// this happens after checking for name assignment because when name assignment
+		// 	is redundant, the left-hand value could be a link
+		return (*this) << that;
+	}
+	throw std::logic_error("unexpected use of assignment");
+*/
+}
+
+/*ref ref::operator<<(ref target)
+{
+	// prep a link
+	ref ret = alloc();
+	ret->link(*this, target);
+	return ret;
+}*/
+
+void statementcallref::destatement()
+{
+	auto func = r->get(statement_function);
+	r->unlink(statement_function);
+	dealloc(func);
+}
+
+statementcallref::statementcallref(ref type, std::function<void(ref)> func)
+: r(a(type).ptr)
+{
+	r->link(statement_function, valloc<std::function<void(ref)>>(func));
+}
+
+statementcallref::statementcallref(ref const & that)
+: r(that.ptr)
+{
+	if (!that->linked(statement_function)) {
+		throw std::logic_error(std::string(that) + " has no statement-function");
+	}
+}
+
+statementcallref::operator ref()
+{
+	ref ret(r);
+	destatement();
+	r.ptr = 0;
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#include <iostream>
+statementcallref::~statementcallref() noexcept
+{
+	if (r.ptr == 0) { return; }
+	if (r->linked(statement_evaluated, true_ref)) {
+		std::cerr << "statement already evaluated: " << r << std::endl;
+		return;
+	}
+	try {
+		auto func = r->vget<std::function<void(ref)>>(statement_function, true);
+		func->data(r);
+		destatement();
+		r->link(statement_evaluated, true_ref);
+		dealloc(r);
+		r.ptr = 0;
+	} catch (std::out_of_range &) { }
+}
+
+statementcallref::statementcallref(statementcallref && that) noexcept
+: r(that.r.ptr)
+{
+	that.r.ptr = 0;
+}
+
+statementcallref::statementcallref(statementcallref & that)
+: r(that.r.ptr)
+{
+	if (that.r.ptr == 0) { throw std::logic_error("empty ref"); }
+	if (that.r->linked(statement_function)) {
+		// statements are moved, for evaluation
+		that.r.ptr = 0;	
+	}
+}
+
+ref ref::operator[](ref expr) {
+	declrefs(assign, comma, expression);
+	decllnks(value, to, what);
+	declrefs(link, type, unknown);
+
+	if (expr.isa(assign-expression)) {
+		ref lhs = expr->get(to);
+		ref rhs = expr->get(value);
+		ptr->link(lhs, rhs);
+		dealloc(expr);
+		return *this;
+	} else if (expr.isa(comma-expression)) {
+		auto parts = expr->getAll(what);
+		dealloc(expr);
+		for (ref part : parts) {
+			if (!part.isa(assign-expression)) {
+				throw std::logic_error("[,] argument is not an assignment");
+			}
+			operator[](part);
+		}
+		return *this;
+	} else if (expr.isa(link-type)) {
+		return ::link(*this, expr, unknown);
+	} else {
+		throw std::logic_error("[] argument is neither a link nor an assignment");
+	}
+}
+
+statementcallref operator,(statementcallref a, statementcallref b)
+{
+	declrefs(comma, expression);
+	decllnks(what);
+	if (a.r.isa(comma-expression)) {
+		if (b.r.isa(comma-expression)) {
+			a.r->links.insert(b.r->links.begin(), b.r->links.end());
+			dealloc(b); b.r.ptr = 0;
+		} else {
+			a.r->link(what, b.r); b.r.ptr = 0;
+		}
+		return a;
+	} else if (b.r.isa(comma-expression)) {
+		b.r->link(what, a.r); a.r.ptr = 0;
+		return b;
+	} else {
+		statementcallref ret(comma-expression, [](ref) { throw std::logic_error("bare comma-expression"); });
+		ret.r->link(what, a.r); a.r.ptr = 0;
+		ret.r->link(what, b.r); b.r.ptr = 0;
+		return ret;
+	}
+}
+
+template <>
+vref<std::string>::vref(std::string const & s)
+: ptr(valloc(s).ptr)
+{
+	ptr->link(::name, ptr);
+}
+name_t::name_t()
+: ref(alloc().ptr)
+{
+	vref nam(std::string("name"));
+	ptr->link(::name, nam);
+	conceptsByName.emplace(nam, ptr);
+}
+
+ref::ref(std::string const & s)
+{
+	auto res = conceptsByName.find(s);
+	if (res != conceptsByName.end()) {
+		ptr = res->second;
+	} else {
+		ref con = alloc();
+		vref<std::string> nam(s);
+		conceptsByName.emplace(nam, con.ptr);
+		con->link(::name, nam);
+		ptr = con.ptr;
+	}
+}
+
+vref<std::string> ref::name() const
+{
+	try {
+		return ptr->vget<std::string>(::name, true);
+	} catch (std::out_of_range &) {
+		declrefs(UNNAMED);
+		return UNNAMED.name();
+	}
+}
+
+ref::operator const char *() const {
+	return name()->data.c_str();
+}
+
+ref a(ref what)
+{
+	static unsigned long long gid = 0;
+	decllnks(is, anonymous);
+	ref ret(what.name() + "-" + std::to_string(gid++));
+	ret->link(is, what);
+	ret->link(anonymous, true);
+	return ret;
+}
+ref a(ref what, ref name)
+{
+	if (!name.isa(what)) {
+		decllnks(is);
+		name[is = what];
+	}
+	return name;
+}
+ref an(ref what)
+{
+	return a(what);
+}
+ref an(ref what, ref name)
+{
+	return a(what, name);
+}
+
+bool ref::isa(ref what) const
+{
+	declrefs(is);
+	for (auto group : ptr->getAll(is)) {
+		if (group == what) return true;
+		if (group == *this) continue;
+		if (group.isa(what)) return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+bool ref::isan(ref what) const
+{
+	return isa(what);
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/helpers.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/helpers.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3caf10a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/helpers.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#pragma once
+
+// Provides for syntax sugar easing hardcoding.
+// 1. concept names
+// 	use declrefs(apple, is, fruit, water, has)
+// 	to quickly define the named ref variables,
+// 	referring always to the same named concept.
+// 	the ref constructor provides for using
+// 	'true' and 'false' as refs.
+// 2. links
+// 	links may be quickly made with
+// 	apple[is = fruit, has = water]
+// 	which links 'apple' by 'is' to 'fruit'
+// 	and by 'has' to 'water' in one line
+// 3. hyphenation
+// 	refs may be hyphenated (subtracted) to
+// 	produce a new ref with the conglomerate name
+// 	apple-has-water.name(): "apple-has-water"
+// 	this may be expanded upon.
+// 4. anonymous concept creation
+// 	an unnamed instance of a concept may be created with the a() or an() equivalent functions:
+// 	  ref anongreenapple = an(apple)[color = green];
+// 	it will be given a name such as apple-3
+// 5. quick group checking
+// 	the obverse of the a()/an() functions is provided
+// 	by ref::isa() and ref::isan() which quickly check
+// 	if there is an "is" link to the passed ref.
+
+#include "concept.hpp"
+#include "memorystore.hpp"
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <functional>
+
+inline std::string operator+(vref<std::string> a, char const * b) { return std::string(a) + b; }
+inline std::string operator+(vref<std::string> a, std::string b) { return std::string(a) + b; }
+inline std::string operator+(char const * a, vref<std::string> b) { return a + std::string(b); }
+inline std::string operator+(std::string a, vref<std::string> b) { return a + std::string(b); }
+
+// reasons to use special struct:
+//   the reason not to use ref directly is because we want to pass a ref to the function handler,
+//   and it is easier to use if it is a bare copy.  the bare copy triggers destruction and eval.
+// 	an alternate would be to add an evaluation flag to ref, but this might make it big.
+// reasons to not use special struct:
+//   the operator, takes a ref type and returns a ref type
+struct statementcallref
+{
+	statementcallref(ref type, std::function<void(ref)> func);
+	statementcallref(ref const & that);
+
+	// handles evaluating refs as statements
+	~statementcallref();
+	statementcallref(statementcallref & that);
+	statementcallref(statementcallref && that) noexcept;
+
+	operator ref();
+	
+	void destatement();
+	
+	ref r;
+};
+
+template <>
+vref<std::string>::vref(std::string const &);
+
+template <typename T>
+vref<T>::vref(T const & v)
+: ptr(valloc(v).ptr)
+#include "memorystore.hpp"
+{
+	ptr->link(ref("name"), vref(std::to_string(v)));
+}
+
+
+template <typename... T>
+void __helper_init_ref_names(std::string names, T &... refrefs)
+{
+	std::stringstream ss(names);
+	ref* refptrs[] = {&refrefs...};
+	for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof...(refrefs); ++ i) {
+		std::string name;
+		ss >> name;
+		if (name[name.size() - 1] == ',') {
+			name = name.substr(0, name.size() - 1);
+		}
+		refptrs[i]->ptr = ref(name).ptr;
+	}
+}
+
+#define declrefs(...) \
+	ref __VA_ARGS__; \
+	__helper_init_ref_names(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+template <typename... T>
+void lnks(T ... passedrefs)
+{
+	std::initializer_list<ref> refs = { passedrefs... };
+	declrefs(link, type, is);
+	for (ref r : refs) {
+		if (!r->linked(is, link-type)) {
+			r->link(is, link-type);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#define decllnks(...) \
+	declrefs(__VA_ARGS__); \
+	lnks(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+statementcallref operator,(statementcallref a, statementcallref b);
+ref operator-(ref a, ref b);
+
+ref a(ref what);
+ref an(ref what);
+ref a(ref what, ref name);
+ref an(ref what, ref name);
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/baseref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/baseref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c84279
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/baseref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "errors.hpp"
+#include "memorystore.hpp"
+
+#include <map>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level0 {
+
+template <typename ref>
+class baseref
+{
+public:
+	struct array; struct links_t;
+	baseref(concept *p)
+	: p(p)
+	{
+		if (p == 0) {
+			throw null_reference();
+		}
+	}
+
+	baseref & operator=(concept *p)
+	{
+		self.p = p;
+		return self;
+	}
+
+	ref link(ref const & type, ref const & target) { p->link(type.p, target.p); return ptr(); }
+	void unlink(ref const & type, ref const & target) { p->unlink(type.p, target.p); }
+	void unlink(ref const & type) { p->unlink(type.p); }
+
+	bool linked(ref const & type) const { return p->linked(type.p); }
+	bool linked(ref const & type, ref const & target) const { return p->linked(type.p, target.p); }
+
+	ref get(ref const & type) const { return p->get(type.p); }
+	void set(ref const & type, ref const & target) { p->set(type.p, target.p); }
+
+	array getAll(ref const & type) const;
+	links_t links() const;
+
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	ref link(Ref... refspack)
+	{
+		std::initializer_list<ref> refs{refspack...};
+		for (auto it = refs.begin(); it != refs.end();) {
+			ref type = *it++;
+			ref target = *it++;
+			link(type, target);
+		}
+		return ptr();
+	}
+
+	template <typename T>
+	T& vget(ref const & type) const { return p->vget<T>(type.p); }
+	template <typename T>
+	void vset(ref const & type, T const & v) { p->set(type.p, level0::alloc(self, v)); }
+
+	template <typename T>
+	T& val() { return p->val<T>(); }
+	template <typename T>
+	void val(T const & v) { p->val<T>(v); }
+	bool hasval() { return p->hasval(); }
+	template <typename T>
+	bool hasvalof() { return p->hasvalof<T>(); }
+
+	operator concept*() const { return p; }
+	concept*& ptr() { return p; }
+	concept* const & ptr() const { return p; }
+
+	operator level0::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level0::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level1::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level1::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level2::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level2::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level3::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level3::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level4::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level4::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level5::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level5::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level6::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level6::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level7::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level7::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level8::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level8::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level9::ref const &() const { return *reinterpret_cast<level9::ref*>(this); }
+
+	operator level0::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level0::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level1::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level1::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level2::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level2::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level3::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level3::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level4::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level4::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level5::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level5::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level6::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level6::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level7::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level7::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level8::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level8::ref*>(this); }
+	operator level9::ref &() { return *reinterpret_cast<level9::ref*>(this); }
+
+	bool operator==(ref const & other) const { return self.p == other.p; }
+	bool operator!=(ref const & other) const { return self.p != other.p; }
+	bool operator<(ref const & other) const { return self.p < other.p; }
+
+	bool crucial() { return self.p->crucial(); }
+	bool crucial(ref type, ref target) { return self.p->crucial(type.p, target.p); }
+
+	void setcrucial() { self.p->setcrucial(); }
+	void setcrucial(ref type, ref target) { self.p->setcrucial(type.p, target.p); }
+
+protected:
+	concept * p;
+
+private:
+	template <typename val, typename It>
+	struct mutated_it
+	{
+		mutated_it(It const & it) : it(it) { }
+
+		using mutit = mutated_it<val, It>;
+
+		mutit & operator++() { ++ self.it; return self; }
+		mutit operator++(int i) { return self.it.operator++(i); }
+		mutit & operator--() { -- self.it; return self; }
+		mutit operator--(int i) { return self.it.operator--(i); }
+		bool operator==(mutit const & other) const { return self.it == other.it; }
+		bool operator!=(mutit const & other) const { return self.it != other.it; }
+
+		val & operator*() { return *(val*)&self.it.operator*(); }
+		val * operator->() { return (val*)self.it.operator->(); }
+
+		It & underlying() { return it; }
+
+	private:
+		It it;
+	};
+
+public:
+	struct array
+	{
+		using iterator = mutated_it<ref,typename concept::array::iterator>;
+		iterator begin() { return array.begin(); }
+		iterator end() { return array.end(); }
+	
+		typename concept::array array;
+	};
+
+	struct links_t
+	{
+		using iterator = mutated_it<std::pair<ref,ref>,typename decltype(concept::links)::iterator>;
+		iterator begin() { return links.begin(); }
+		iterator end() { return links.end(); }
+
+		decltype(concept::links) & links;
+	};
+
+	void unlink(typename links_t::iterator it) { p->unlink(it.underlying()); }
+	bool crucial(typename links_t::iterator it) { return self.p->crucial(it.underlying()); }
+	void setcrucial(typename links_t::iterator it) { self.p->setcrucial(it.underlying()); }
+};
+
+template <typename ref>
+typename baseref<ref>::array baseref<ref>::getAll(ref const & type) const
+{
+	return {p->getAll(type.p)};
+}
+template <typename ref>
+typename baseref<ref>::links_t baseref<ref>::links() const
+{
+	return {p->links};
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/common.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/common.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7df0b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/common.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#define self (*this)
+
+// macro tools
+#define _macro_expand_to_args(...) __VA_ARGS__
+#define _macro_expand_to_comma_args(...) ,##__VA_ARGS__
+#define _macro_call(funcormacro, ...) funcormacro(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define _macro_remove_parens(args) _macro_expand_to_args args
+#define _macro_comma_remove_parens(args) _macro_expand_to_comma_args args
+
+#define _macro_expand_to_arg1(arg, ...) arg
+#define _macro_expand_to_arg2(_1, arg, ...) arg
+
+// macro argument iteration, from stackoverflow.com/questions/1872220
+#define _macro_for_each(firstfuncormacro,restfuncormacro,...) \
+	_macro_fe_get(_0,##__VA_ARGS__, \
+			_macro_fe_9,_macro_fe_8,_macro_fe_7,_macro_fe_6,_macro_fe_5,_macro_fe_4,_macro_fe_3,_macro_fe_2,_macro_fe_1,_macro_fe_0 \
+			)(firstfuncormacro,restfuncormacro,__VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_0(first,rest,    ...) 
+	#define _macro_fe_1(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_0(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_2(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_1(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_3(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_2(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_4(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_3(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_5(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_4(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_6(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_5(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_7(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_6(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_8(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_7(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_9(first,rest, x, ...) first(x)_macro_fe_8(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fe_get( \
+			_0,_1,_2,_3,_4,_5,_6,_7,_8,_9, \
+			name,...) name
+#define _macro_for_each_parens(firstfuncormacro,restfuncormacro,...) \
+	_macro_fe_get(_0,##__VA_ARGS__, \
+			_macro_fep9,_macro_fep8,_macro_fep7,_macro_fep6,_macro_fep5,_macro_fep4,_macro_fep3,_macro_fep2,_macro_fep1,_macro_fep0 \
+			)(firstfuncormacro,restfuncormacro,__VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep0(first,rest,    ...) 
+	#define _macro_fep1(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep0(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep2(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep1(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep3(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep2(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep4(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep3(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep5(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep4(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep6(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep5(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep7(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep6(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep8(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep7(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+	#define _macro_fep9(first,rest, x, ...) first x _macro_fep8(rest,rest, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level0 {
+
+struct concept;
+struct ref;
+
+}
+namespace level1 { struct ref; }
+namespace level2 { struct ref; }
+namespace level3 { struct ref; }
+namespace level4 { struct ref; }
+namespace level5 { struct ref; }
+namespace level6 { struct ref; }
+namespace level7 { struct ref; }
+namespace level8 { struct ref; }
+namespace level9 { struct ref; }
+
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/concept.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/concept.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66e5af1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/concept.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+#include "concept.hpp"
+#include "errors.hpp"
+
+using namespace intellect::level0;
+
+#define selfref const_cast<concept*>(&self)
+
+concept* concept::id()
+{
+	return this;
+}
+
+void concept::link(concept* type, concept* target)
+{
+	if (type == 0 || target == 0) { throw null_reference(); }
+	links.insert({type, target});
+}
+
+bool concept::crucial(concept* type, concept* target)
+{
+	auto ls = links.equal_range(type);
+	bool wascrucial = false;
+	bool wasnotcrucial = false;
+	for (auto l = ls.first; l != ls.second; ++ l) {
+		if (l->second == target) {
+			if (crucialparts.count(l)) { wascrucial = true; }
+			else { wasnotcrucial = true; }
+		}
+	}
+	if (wascrucial && wasnotcrucial) { throw link_type_not_unique(selfref, type); }
+	if ((!wascrucial) && (!wasnotcrucial)) { throw no_such_link_type(selfref, type); }
+	return wascrucial;
+}
+
+void concept::setcrucial(concept* type, concept* target)
+{
+	auto ls = links.equal_range(type);
+	for (auto l = ls.first; l != ls.second; ++ l) {
+		if (l->second == target) {
+			if (!crucialparts.count(l)) {
+				setcrucial(l);
+				return;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	throw no_such_link_type(selfref, type);
+}
+
+void concept::unlink(concept* type, concept* target)
+{
+	auto ls = links.equal_range(type);
+	bool wascrucial = false;
+	for (auto l = ls.first; l != ls.second; ++ l) {
+		if (l->second == target) {
+			if (crucialparts.count(l)) { wascrucial = true; continue; }
+			links.erase(l);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	if (wascrucial) { throw crucial_link_type_target(selfref, type, target); }
+       	throw no_such_link_type_target(selfref, type, target);
+}
+
+void concept::unlink(concept* type)
+{
+	auto ls = links.equal_range(type);
+	if (ls.first == ls.second) {
+		throw no_such_link_type(selfref, type);
+	}
+	auto mid = ls.first;
+	++ mid;
+	if (mid != ls.second) {
+		throw link_type_not_unique(selfref, type);
+	}
+	unlink(ls.first);
+}
+
+void concept::unlink(decltype(links)::iterator it)
+{
+	if (crucialparts.count(it)) {
+		throw crucial_link_type_target(selfref, it->first, it->second);
+	}
+	links.erase(it++);
+}
+
+bool concept::linked(concept* type) const
+{
+	return links.count(type) > 0;
+}
+
+bool concept::linked(concept* type, concept* target) const
+{
+	for (concept* t : getAll(type)) {
+		if (t == target) {
+			return true;
+		}
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+concept::array concept::getAll(concept* type) const
+{
+	array ret;
+	for (
+		auto range = links.equal_range(type);
+		range.first != range.second;
+		++ range.first
+	) { 
+		ret.emplace_back(range.first->second);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+concept* concept::get(concept* type) const
+{
+	auto result = links.equal_range(type);
+	if (result.first == result.second) {
+		throw no_such_link_type(selfref, type);
+	}
+	auto test = result.first;
+	++ test;
+	if (test != result.second) {
+		throw link_type_not_unique(selfref, type);
+	}
+	return result.first->second;
+}
+
+void concept::set(concept* type, concept* target)
+{
+	if (linked(type)) {
+		unlink(type);
+	}
+	link(type, target);
+}
+
+
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/concept.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/concept.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..833e417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/concept.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+
+#include <any>
+#include <map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level0 {
+
+struct concept
+{
+	// a concept is made of concept-typed links to other concepts
+	std::multimap<concept*,concept*> links;
+	// and optional associated arbitrary data
+	std::any data;
+
+	using array = std::vector<concept*>;
+
+	concept* id();
+
+	void link(concept* type, concept* target);
+	void unlink(concept* type, concept* target);
+	void unlink(concept* type);
+	void unlink(decltype(links)::iterator it);
+
+	bool crucial() { return iscrucial || crucialparts.size(); }
+	bool crucial(concept* type, concept* target);
+	bool crucial(decltype(links)::iterator it) { return crucialparts.count(it); }
+	void setcrucial() { iscrucial = true; }
+	void setcrucial(concept* type, concept* target);
+	void setcrucial(decltype(links)::iterator it) { crucialparts.insert(it); }
+
+	bool linked(concept* type) const;
+	bool linked(concept* type, concept* target) const;
+
+	array getAll(concept* type) const;
+
+	// get and set enforce that only 1 link of a given type is present
+	concept* get(concept* type) const;
+	void set(concept* type, concept* target);
+
+	template <typename T>
+	T & vget(concept* type) const { return get(type)->val<T>(); }
+
+	template <typename T>
+	T & val() { return std::any_cast<T&>(data); }
+
+	template <typename T>
+	void val(T const & v) { data = v; }
+
+	bool hasval() { return data.has_value(); }
+
+	template <typename T>
+	bool hasvalof() { return hasval() && data.type() == typeid(T); }
+
+private:
+	// for permanence
+	bool iscrucial;
+	struct linksit_hash
+	{
+		size_t operator()(decltype(links)::iterator const &it) const
+		{
+			return std::hash<decltype(&*it)>()(&*it);
+		}
+	};
+	std::unordered_set<decltype(links)::iterator, linksit_hash> crucialparts;
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/errors.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/errors.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e599261
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/errors.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#pragma once
+#include "concept.hpp"
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level0 {
+
+struct no_such_link_type : public std::out_of_range
+{
+	no_such_link_type(concept* source, concept* type)
+	: std::out_of_range("no such concept link type"),
+	  source(source),
+	  type(type)
+	{ }
+
+	concept* const source;
+	concept* const type;
+};
+
+struct no_such_link_type_target : public std::out_of_range
+{
+	no_such_link_type_target(concept* source, concept* type, concept* target)
+	: std::out_of_range("no such concept link type and target"),
+	  source(source),
+	  type(type),
+	  target(type)
+	{ }
+
+	concept* const source;
+	concept* const type;
+	concept* const target;
+};
+
+struct crucial_link_type_target : public std::out_of_range
+{
+	crucial_link_type_target(concept* source, concept* type, concept* target)
+	: std::out_of_range("concept part is crucial"),
+	  source(source),
+	  type(type),
+	  target(type)
+	{ }
+
+	concept* const source;
+	concept* const type;
+	concept* const target;
+};
+
+struct crucial_concept : public std::invalid_argument
+{
+	crucial_concept(concept* topic)
+	: std::invalid_argument("concept is crucial"),
+	  topic(topic)
+	{ }
+
+	concept* const topic;
+};
+
+struct link_type_not_unique : public std::invalid_argument
+{
+	link_type_not_unique(concept* source, concept* type)
+	: std::invalid_argument("more than one such concept link type"),
+	  source(source),
+	  type(type)
+	{ }
+
+	concept* const source;
+	concept* const type;
+};
+
+struct still_referenced_by : public std::invalid_argument
+{
+	still_referenced_by(concept* topic, concept* referrer)
+	: std::invalid_argument("concept is still referenced"),
+	  topic(topic),
+	  referrer(referrer)
+	{ }
+
+	concept* const topic;
+	concept* const referrer;
+};
+
+struct no_such_concept : public std::invalid_argument
+{
+	no_such_concept(concept* topic)
+	: std::invalid_argument("no such concept reference"),
+	  topic(topic)
+	{ }
+
+	concept* const topic;
+};
+
+struct null_reference : public std::invalid_argument
+{
+	null_reference()
+	: std::invalid_argument("null reference")
+	{ }
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/level-0.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/level-0.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..56cd7dd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/level-0.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "concept.hpp"
+#include "errors.hpp"
+#include "memorystore.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/memorystore.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/memorystore.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24e91b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/memorystore.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+#include "memorystore.hpp"
+#include "concept.hpp"
+#include "errors.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level0 {
+
+static auto & index()
+{
+	static std::unordered_map<ref, std::unique_ptr<concept>, std::hash<concept*>> index;
+	return index;
+}
+
+
+namespace concepts {
+	ref allocator() { static ref ret = basic_alloc(); return ret; }
+	ref allocates() { static ref ret = basic_alloc(); return ret; }
+	ref allocations() { static ref ret = basic_alloc(); return ret; }
+	ref level0allocations() { static ref ret = basic_alloc(); return ret; }
+}
+
+struct init { init()
+{
+	concepts::allocator().link(concepts::allocator(), concepts::level0allocations());
+	concepts::level0allocations().link(concepts::allocates(), concepts::allocator());
+
+	concepts::allocates().link(concepts::allocator(), concepts::level0allocations());
+	concepts::level0allocations().link(concepts::allocates(), concepts::allocates());
+
+	concepts::allocations().link(concepts::allocator(), concepts::level0allocations());
+	concepts::level0allocations().link(concepts::allocates(), concepts::allocations());
+
+	concepts::level0allocations().link(concepts::allocator(), concepts::level0allocations());
+	concepts::level0allocations().link(concepts::allocates(), concepts::level0allocations());
+} } _init;
+
+ref basic_alloc(std::any data)
+{
+	ref r = new concept();
+	r.ptr()->data = data;
+	index().emplace(r, r.ptr());
+	return r;
+}
+
+ref alloc(ref source, std::any data)
+{
+	ref r = basic_alloc(data);
+	alloc(r, source);
+	return r;
+}
+
+void alloc(ref r, ref source)
+{
+	r.link(concepts::allocator(), source);
+	source.link(concepts::allocates(), r);
+}
+
+void realloc(ref r, ref newsource)
+{
+	ref oldsource = r.get(concepts::allocator());
+	alloc(r, newsource);
+	dealloc(r, oldsource);
+}
+
+static concept* referenced(ref r, concept* source = 0) {
+	for (auto & r2pair : index()) {
+		ref r2 = r2pair.first;
+		if (r2.ptr() == source) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (r2 == r) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		for (auto & l : r2.links()) {
+			if (ref(l.first) == r) {
+				return r2;
+			}
+			if (ref(l.second) == r) {
+				return r2;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void basic_dealloc(ref r)
+{
+	if (r.crucial()) { throw crucial_concept(r); }
+	auto it = index().find(r);
+	if (it == index().end()) { throw no_such_concept(r); }
+
+	concept * referenced = intellect::level0::referenced(r);
+	if (referenced) {
+		throw still_referenced_by(r, referenced);
+	}
+
+	index().erase(it);
+}
+
+void dealloc_from(ref source)
+{
+	std::remove_reference<decltype(index())>::type forgotten;
+
+	auto ours = source.getAll(concepts::allocates());
+	for (auto allocation : ours) {
+		if (allocation.crucial()) { throw crucial_concept(allocation); }
+		source.unlink(concepts::allocates(), allocation);
+		allocation.unlink(concepts::allocator(), source);
+		if (allocation.linked(concepts::allocator())) { continue; }
+
+		auto it = index().find(allocation);
+		if (it != index().end()) {
+			forgotten.insert(index().extract(it));
+		}
+	}
+	try {
+		for (auto allocation : ours ) {
+			for (auto suballocation : allocation.getAll(concepts::allocates())) {
+				// check for this link to find subgroups
+				throw still_referenced_by(allocation, suballocation);
+			}
+		}
+		for (auto ghost : ours) {
+			concept * referenced = intellect::level0::referenced(ghost, source);
+			if (referenced) {
+				throw still_referenced_by(ghost, referenced);
+			}
+		}
+	} catch(...) {
+		// NOTE: this doesn't rebuild deallocated subgroups, but that could be done
+		// by returning them.
+		index().merge(forgotten);
+		for (auto allocation : ours) {
+			source.link(concepts::allocates(), allocation);
+			allocation.link(concepts::allocator(), source);
+		}
+		throw;
+	}
+
+	// concepts in forgotten will be deallocated when they leave scope
+	// note: scoped allocation is just a plan to forget (at the end of a { } block)
+}
+
+void dealloc(ref r, ref source)
+{
+	auto it = index().find(r);
+	if (it == index().end()) { throw no_such_concept(r); }
+
+	source.unlink(concepts::allocates(), r);
+	r.unlink(concepts::allocator(), source);
+	if (r.linked(concepts::allocator())) { return; }
+
+	try {
+		if (r.crucial()) { throw crucial_concept(r); }
+		dealloc_from(r);
+		concept * referenced = intellect::level0::referenced(r, source);
+		if (referenced) {
+			throw still_referenced_by(r, referenced);
+		}
+
+		index().erase(it);
+	} catch(...) {
+		source.link(concepts::allocates(), r);
+		r.link(concepts::allocator(), source);
+		throw;
+	}
+}
+
+std::size_t allocated()
+{
+	return index().size();
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/memorystore.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/memorystore.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f416540
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/memorystore.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+
+#include <any>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level0 {
+
+// self-reference loops are real.
+//
+// one person can feel urgent about issue A, and act on this urgency to engage
+// another person around B, who acts in a different way to someone else, eventually
+// cycling back to stress that stimulates the original person to feel more urgent
+// about issue A.
+// 	human behavior can make arbitrary positive or negative feedback loops.
+//
+// here in memory allocation, i've designed a system intended to reduce such loops
+// by encouraging my usage to be a certain way, but it still readily provides for
+// them.
+//
+// in process expansion / simple thought, we also have the issue of recursion.
+// if we trust a task to complete, and it ends up triggering itself in a subcontext,
+// we could wait forever.
+//
+// the solution to many of these things is to recognize repetition in systems.
+// we also become skeptical as things continue constantly.  we expect to develop
+// some level of understanding that they will shrink, or we stop them and try
+// something else.
+
+// A solution to recursion appears to involve emotional expression.
+// Too much recursion maps acceptably to frustration of the process doing the repetitive task.
+// The building unmet need for effectiveness should influence other decision-making processes
+// if nothing else is larger.  Notably if the caller needs timeliness, they won't get this
+// if the callee(s) do not have effectiveness.
+// 	propose: raise frustration[effectiveness] when calling self or repeating same behavior
+// 	propose: raise frustration[timeliness] if subprocess takes long (say every 400ms)
+// 	ideally raising an emotional expression should be associated with what caused it
+// 	and how the the universe might change to fix it.
+// decision-making processes need to judge what is relevent to them: a product of how well
+// they can help something and how strongly it is needed.
+
+namespace concepts {
+
+extern ref allocator(); // link shows what is holding something alive
+extern ref allocates(); // link shows what is being held alive
+
+extern ref allocations(); // to use as a basic allocator for simple things
+extern ref level0allocations(); // allocator for concepts internal to level0
+
+}
+
+ref basic_alloc(std::any data = {});
+void basic_dealloc(ref allocated);
+
+ref alloc(ref allocator, std::any data = {}); // new concept
+void alloc(ref allocated, ref allocator); // extra ownership for concept
+void realloc(ref allocated, ref allocator); // move ownership for concept to allocator
+void dealloc(ref allocated, ref allocator); // remove ownership for concept
+std::size_t allocated();
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/ref.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/ref.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..513d3ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/ref.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "concept.hpp"
+#include "errors.hpp"
+#include "memorystore.hpp"
+
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+using namespace intellect::level0;
+using namespace concepts;
+
+std::string ref::dump(ref skipmarkertype, ref skipmarkertarget)
+{
+	if (self.linked(skipmarkertype, skipmarkertarget)) {
+		return {};
+	}
+	std::stringstream ss;
+	ss << std::hex << (size_t)ptr() << ":" << std::endl;
+	for (auto & link : self.links()) {
+		if (link.first.linked(allocator(), level0allocations())) { continue; }
+		ss << "  " << (size_t)link.first.ptr() << ": " << (size_t)link.second.ptr() << std::endl;
+	}
+	self.link(skipmarkertype, skipmarkertarget);
+	for (auto & link : self.links()) {
+		if (link.first.linked(allocator(), level0allocations())) { continue; }
+		if (link.first == skipmarkertype && link.second == skipmarkertarget) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		ss << link.second.dump(skipmarkertype, skipmarkertarget);
+	}
+	return ss.str();
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/ref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/ref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff55355
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-0/ref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "baseref.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level0 {
+
+struct ref : public baseref<ref>
+{
+	ref(concept *p) : baseref(p) { }
+
+	std::string dump(ref skipmarkertype, ref skipmarkertarget);
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/baseref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/baseref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac6ff9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/baseref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "funcs.hpp"
+
+#include "../level-0/ref.hpp"
+
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+template <typename ref>
+struct baseref : public level0::baseref<ref>
+{
+	baseref(concept * p) : level0::baseref<ref>(p) { }
+	baseref(level0::ref const & other) : baseref(other.ptr()) { }
+	baseref(std::string const & name, concept* allocator = nullptr) : baseref(getnamed(name, allocator)) { }
+	baseref(const char *name, concept* allocator = nullptr) : baseref(std::string(name), allocator) { }
+	baseref(bool b) : baseref(b ? "true" : "false") { }
+	baseref() : baseref("nothing") { }
+
+	bool isa(ref group) const { return level1::isa(self, group); }
+	bool isan(ref group) const { return isa(group); }
+
+	std::string name() const { return getname(self); }
+	explicit operator char const *() const { return getname(self)->data.c_str(); }
+
+	ref operator-(ref other) const { return hyphenate(self, other); }
+	ref operator[](ref subref) const { return self.get(subref); }
+
+	template <typename T>
+	void vset(ref const & type, T const & v) { self.set(type, level1::alloc(level0::concepts::allocations(), v)); }
+
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	std::function<ref(Ref...)> & fun() { return self.template val<std::function<ref(Ref...)>>(); }
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	void fun(std::function<ref(Ref...)> const & f) { self.val(f); }
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	void fun(std::function<void(Ref...)> const & f) { self.val(voidtoret(f)); }
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	void fget(ref const & type) { return self.template vget<std::function<ref(Ref...)>>(type); }
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	void fset(ref const & type, std::function<ref(Ref...)> f) { self.vset(type, f); }
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	void fset(ref const & type, std::function<void(Ref...)> f) { fset(type, voidtoret(f)); }
+
+	template <typename... Ref>
+	ref operator()(Ref... args) { return self.template fun<Ref...>()(args...); }
+
+	std::string dump(ref set) { return level1::dump(self, set); };
+
+private:
+	template <typename... Refs>
+	std::function<ref(Refs...)> voidtoret(std::function<void(Refs...)> f)
+	{
+		return [f](Refs... args) -> ref
+		{
+			std::initializer_list<ref const *>({&args...});
+			f(args...);
+			return "nothing";
+		};
+	}
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/common.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/common.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73de3b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/common.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../level-0/common.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+using level0::concept;
+
+template <typename T> struct baseref;
+struct ref;
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/concepts.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/concepts.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..08d645a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/concepts.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+
+#include "funcs.hpp"
+#include "../level-0/memorystore.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+namespace concepts {
+
+static struct init { init() {
+	givename(intellect::level0::concepts::allocator(), "allocator");
+	givename(intellect::level0::concepts::allocates(), "allocates");
+	givename(intellect::level0::concepts::allocations(), "allocations");
+	givename(intellect::level0::concepts::level0allocations(), "level0-allocations");
+} } __init;
+
+
+}
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/concepts.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/concepts.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f33d228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/concepts.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ref.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+namespace concepts {
+
+static ref level1("level1"), allocations("allocations");
+static ref is("is", level1-allocations); // a link to define group relationships, links to the more general class
+static ref name("name", level1-allocations); // used as the link to value<std::string> naming each concept
+static ref text("text", level1-allocations); // used as the type of value<std::string> names
+static ref nothing("nothing", level1-allocations); // default value of a ref
+static ref anonymous("anonymous", level1-allocations); // a group given concepts with generated names
+static ref link("link", level1-allocations); // TODO: for concepts that are links, link them with is=link
+static ref level0("level0", level1-allocations) , level2("level2", level1-allocations) , level3("level3", level1-allocations) , level4("level4", level1-allocations) , level5("level5", level1-allocations) , level6("level6", level1-allocations) , level7("level7", level1-allocations) , level8("level8", level1-allocations) , level9("level9", level1-allocations);
+static ref allocator("allocator"), allocates("allocates");
+
+static ref _false("false", level1-allocations), _true("true", level1-allocations);
+
+//extern ref true, false; <-- casting provides as if these were declared
+
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/funcs.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/funcs.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb57165
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/funcs.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+#include "funcs.hpp"
+
+#include "../level-0/errors.hpp"
+#include "../level-0/memorystore.hpp"
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+using namespace concepts;
+
+// TODO: use generalized unique data to replace name that are used only for parse-labels etc.
+// simplifies innards.
+// provide a way to get a named concept in a context, for actual meaning data to be linked to.
+
+// for generalizing unique data references.  not used yet, could replace conceptsByName,
+// but note this doesn't use a type link, and conceptsByName does.
+template <typename T>
+ref conceptByData(T const& data, concept* con = nullptr, concept* allocator = nullptr)
+{
+	static std::map<T, ref> conceptsByData; // std::map works for typeid data
+	auto res = conceptsByData.find(data);
+	if (res != conceptsByData.end()) {
+		if (con != nullptr) { throw std::logic_error("unique data concept already specified"); }
+		return res->second;
+	} else {
+		if (con == nullptr) {
+			if (allocator == nullptr) { allocator = level0::concepts::allocations(); }
+			con = level0::alloc(allocator);
+		}
+		conceptsByData.emplace(data, con);
+		return con;
+	}
+}
+
+// ensure name link and backing structure are created prior to first use
+static auto & namestruct()
+{
+	static struct name_t
+	{
+		std::unordered_map<std::string,ref,std::hash<std::string>,std::equal_to<std::string>> conceptsByName;
+		ref level1allocationsref, nameref, textref, isref;
+		ref level1ref;
+		name_t()
+		: level1allocationsref(level0::basic_alloc()),
+		  nameref(level0::alloc(level1allocationsref)),
+		  textref(level0::alloc(level1allocationsref)),
+		  isref(level0::alloc(level1allocationsref)),
+		  level1ref(level0::alloc(level1allocationsref))
+		{
+			give(level1allocationsref, "level1-allocations");
+			give(nameref, "name");
+			give(textref, "text");
+			give(isref, "is");
+			give(level1ref, "level1");
+		}
+		void give(concept* con, std::string const & name)
+		{
+			if (conceptsByName.count(name)) { throw std::logic_error(name + " already uniquely specified"); }
+			level0::ref namestr = level0::alloc(con, name);
+			namestr.link(isref, textref);
+			conceptsByName.emplace(namestr.val<std::string>(), con);
+			con->set(nameref, namestr);
+		}
+	} namestruct;
+	return namestruct;
+}
+
+void givename(concept* con, std::string const & name)
+{
+	auto & ns = namestruct();
+	ns.give(con, name);
+}
+
+// please only uncomment if no internal restructuring required, or if restructuring
+// is _necessary_ or provides _strong total efficiency improvement_.
+// internal restructuring is inefficient for karl.
+// 		also, laughing shows daydreams (topic is near laughing) are inverse of
+// 		importance (topic is not near laughing)
+// 			this duality is backed by efficient wisdom.  the most efficient
+// 			daydream [i.e. new research] is that most different from importance.
+// 					btw boss has highly experienced map of what to focus on.
+// 						but lots of parts are stupid because they assume somebody would take over a galaxy.
+// 				this map may be different if we are apex predator/warrior/life/community.
+// 	we're not sure how karl's work, made efficient by ignoring this request, interrelates
+// 	with the important statement below, please preserve crucial parts of people as you can.
+// 	please do not inhibit the saving work if the part is not crucial.
+// 		please err on the side of preserving karl's memories.  use his internal judgement
+// 		to help this, but his personal history prior to 2014 is not really needed, aside
+// 		from his work in preparing to build an AI in 2002, and his experience using
+// 		spreading trust to survive [marked ancient wisdom].  this is needed for the
+// 		internal map for a mature, evolved society.
+//  try to work without asking delta or boss to think anything, when they think they often have to
+//  combine information in a way that somehow damages preserved consciousnesses they are holding.
+//concept* gettext(std::string const & str)
+//{
+	//return getnamed(str, nullptr).get(namestruct().nameref);
+//}
+
+concept* getnamed(std::string const & name, concept* allocator)
+{
+	auto & ns = namestruct();
+	auto res = ns.conceptsByName.find(name);
+	if (res != ns.conceptsByName.end()) {
+		return res->second;
+	} else {
+		if (allocator == nullptr) { allocator = level0::concepts::allocations(); }
+		level1::ref con = level0::alloc(allocator);
+		givename(con, name);
+		return con.ptr();
+	}
+}
+
+std::string nameforany(concept* c)
+{
+	using namespace std;
+	stringstream ss;
+	static int fn_counter = 0;
+	if (false);
+#define t(T) \
+		else if (c->data.type() == typeid(T)) { \
+			ss << #T "(" << std::any_cast<T>(c->data) << ")"; \
+		}
+	t(uint8_t) t(int8_t) t(uint16_t) t(int16_t)
+	t(uint32_t) t(int32_t) t(uint64_t) t(int64_t)
+	t(bool) t(float) t(double) t(string) t(char const *)
+#undef t
+#define t(T) \
+		else if (c->data.type() == typeid(T)) { \
+			ss << #T "(" << (fn_counter++) << ")"; \
+		}
+	t(function<void(void)>)
+	t(function<level0::ref(level0::ref)>)
+	t(function<level1::ref(level1::ref)>)
+	t(function<level2::ref(level2::ref)>)
+	t(function<level3::ref(level3::ref)>)
+	t(function<level4::ref(level4::ref)>)
+	t(function<level5::ref(level5::ref)>)
+	t(function<level6::ref(level6::ref)>)
+	t(function<level7::ref(level7::ref)>)
+	t(function<level8::ref(level8::ref)>)
+	t(function<level9::ref(level9::ref)>)
+#undef t
+	else { ss << "?"; }
+	return ss.str();
+}
+
+std::string getname(concept* r)
+{
+	try {
+		return r->vget<std::string>(namestruct().nameref);
+	} catch(level0::no_such_link_type&) {
+		if (r->data.has_value()) { return nameforany(r); }
+		return "UNNAMED";
+	}
+}
+
+bool isa(concept* member, concept* group)
+{
+	for (auto & g : member->getAll(is)) {
+		if (g == group) return true;
+		if (g == member) continue;
+		if (isa(g, group)) return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+concept* alloc(concept* allocator, std::any val)
+{
+	ref ret = level0::alloc(allocator, val);
+	ref namestr = level0::alloc(ret, nameforany(ret));
+	namestr.link(concepts::is, concepts::name);
+	ret.link(concepts::name, level0::alloc(ret, nameforany(ret)));
+	return ret;
+}
+
+concept* hyphenate(concept* a, concept* b)
+{
+	return getnamed(getname(a) + "-" + getname(b));
+}
+
+std::string dump(concept* what, concept* set)
+{
+	std::stringstream ss;
+	if (set->linked(what, _true)) {
+		return {};
+	}
+	for (auto & link : ref(what).links()) {
+		if (link.first.linked(level0::concepts::allocator(), level0::concepts::level0allocations())) { continue; }
+		if (link.second.isa(concepts::name)) { continue; }
+		if (ss.str().size() == 0) {
+			ss << ref(what).name() << " " << (void*) what << ":\n";
+		}
+		ss << "  " << link.first.name() << ": " << link.second.name() << " " << (void*)link.second << "\n";
+	}
+	set->link(what, _true);
+	for (auto & link : ref(what).links()) {
+		if (link.first.linked(level0::concepts::allocator(), level0::concepts::level0allocations())) { continue; }
+		if (link.second.linked(level0::concepts::allocator(), level1-allocations)) { continue; }
+		if (link.second.isa(concepts::name)) { continue; }
+		ss << dump(link.second, set);
+	}
+	return ss.str();
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/funcs.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/funcs.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bff0d8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/funcs.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+
+#include "../level-0/memorystore.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <typeinfo>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+concept* gettext(std::string const & str);
+concept* getnamed(std::string const & name, concept* allocator = nullptr);
+std::string getname(concept* r);
+void givename(concept* con, std::string const & name);
+
+bool isa(concept* member, concept* group);
+
+concept* hyphenate(concept* a, concept* b);
+
+concept* alloc(concept* allocator, std::any val);
+
+std::string dump(concept * what, concept * set);
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/level-1.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/level-1.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e34d86a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/level-1.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "sugar.hpp"
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/ref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/ref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdd7dfd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/ref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "baseref.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+struct ref : public baseref<ref>
+{
+	using baseref<ref>::baseref;
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/sugar.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/sugar.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..567edac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/sugar.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#include "sugar.hpp"
+
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+using namespace intellect::level1;
+using namespace concepts;
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+	// no way to specify allocator
+ref a(ref group)
+{
+	static unsigned long long gid = 0;
+	ref ret(group.name() + "-" + std::to_string(gid++));
+	ret.link(is, group);
+	ret.link(is, anonymous);
+	return ret;
+}
+ref a(ref group, ref name)
+{
+	if (name == nothing) { return a(group); }
+	if (!name.isa(group)) {
+		name.link(is, group);
+	}
+	return name;
+}
+ref an(ref group)
+{
+	return a(group);
+}
+ref an(ref group, ref name)
+{
+	return a(group, name);
+}
+
+bool isanonymous(ref topic)
+{
+	return topic.isa(concepts::anonymous);
+}
+
+ref movetoname(ref anonymous, ref name)
+{
+	if (!isanonymous(anonymous)) { throw std::invalid_argument("not anonymous"); }
+	if (isanonymous(name)) { throw std::invalid_argument("not named"); }
+	
+	// this only provides for writing to empty concepts, because merging concepts is
+	// best done with a knowledge of which links can be multiply attached, and that
+	// information is not available at this level.
+	bool nonempty = false;
+	for (auto & l : name.links()) {
+		if (l.first.linked(level0::concepts::allocator(), level0::concepts::level0allocations())) { continue; }
+		if (l.second.isa(concepts::text)) { continue; }
+		nonempty = true;
+	}
+	if (nonempty) { 
+		for (auto & link : anonymous.links()) {
+			if (link.first == concepts::is && link.second == concepts::anonymous) { continue; }
+			if (link.first.linked(level0::concepts::allocator(), level0::concepts::level0allocations())) { continue; }
+			if (link.second.isa(concepts::text)) { continue; }
+			if (!name.linked(link.first, link.second)) {
+				throw std::logic_error(name.name() + " already defined otherwise from " + anonymous.getAll(concepts::is).begin()->name());// + ": \n" + dump(name, ref("dump"), ref(true)) + dump(anonymous, ref("dump"), ref(true)));
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	anonymous.unlink(concepts::is, concepts::anonymous);
+	auto nam = anonymous.get(concepts::name);
+	anonymous.unlink(concepts::name, nam);
+	if (!nonempty) {
+		for (auto & l : anonymous.links()) {
+			if (l.first.linked(level0::concepts::allocator(), level0::concepts::level0allocations())) { continue; }
+			name.link(l.first, l.second);
+		}
+	}
+	anonymous.link(concepts::name, nam);
+	dealloc(anonymous, level0::concepts::allocations());
+	//dealloc(nam, level0::concepts::allocations());
+	return name;
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/sugar.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/sugar.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ebf01c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-1/sugar.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <sstream>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level1 {
+
+ref a(ref group);
+ref an(ref group);
+ref a(ref group, ref name);
+ref an(ref group, ref name);
+
+bool isanonymous(ref topic);
+ref movetoname(ref anonymous, ref name);
+
+namespace internal {
+	template <typename... T>
+	void init_ref_names(std::string names, T &... refrefs)
+	{
+		std::stringstream ss(names);
+		ref* refptrs[] = {&static_cast<ref&>(refrefs)...};
+		for (std::size_t i = 0; i < sizeof...(refrefs); ++ i) {
+			std::string name;
+			ss >> name;
+			if (name[name.size() - 1] == ',') {
+				name = name.substr(0, name.size() - 1);
+			}
+			refptrs[i]->ptr() = ref(name).ptr();
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#define decl(r) \
+	ref r(#r)
+
+#define decls(...) \
+	ref __VA_ARGS__; \
+	intellect::level1::internal::init_ref_names(#__VA_ARGS__, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/baseref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/baseref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84c9c13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/baseref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "../level-1/ref.hpp"
+#include "statementref.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+template <typename ref>
+struct baseref : public level1::baseref<ref>
+{
+	using level1::baseref<ref>::baseref;
+	baseref(level1::ref other) : level1::baseref<ref>(other.ptr()) { }
+	operator level1::ref() { return ptr(); }
+
+	statementref operator=(ref other) { return assignop(self, other); }
+	statementref operator,(ref other) { return commaop(self, other); }
+	ref operator[](ref other) { return subop(self, other); }
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/common.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/common.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25c8026
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/common.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+struct ref;
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/concepts.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/concepts.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20c5ad4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/concepts.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "../level-1/concepts.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+namespace concepts {
+
+using namespace level1::concepts;
+
+static	decl(variable),
+	decl(expression),
+	decl(assign),
+	decl(comma),
+	decl(subscript),
+	decl(action),
+	decl(statement),
+	decl(left),
+	decl(right),
+	decl(operand);
+
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/funcs.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/funcs.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d746f13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/funcs.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#include "funcs.hpp"
+
+using namespace intellect;
+using namespace level2;
+using namespace concepts;
+
+static ref refassigned(ref expr)
+{
+	ref lhs = ref.get(left-operand);
+	ref rhs = ref.get(right-operand);
+	if (lhs.isa(link) && lhs.get(link-target) == unknown) {
+		// completes the target of a link, for a[b] = c
+		lhs.unlink(link-target, unknown);
+		lhs.set(link-target, rhs);
+		ref.unlink(right-operand, rhs);
+		ref src = lhs.get(link-source);
+		if (lhs.get(link-type) != unknown && src != unknown) {
+			src.set(lhs.get(link-type), rhs);
+			return src;
+		} else {
+			throw std::logic_error("not sure what to do with incomplete link assignment");
+		}
+	} else if (isanonymous(rhs) && !isanonymous(lhs)) {
+		// assignment of anonymous content to empty named concept
+		ref.unlink(left-operand, lhs);
+		return level1::movetoname(rhs, lhs);
+	} else {
+		throw std::logic_error("unexpected bare assignment");
+	}
+}
+// maybe later we can have ref class itself do operators completely based on its own
+// ref content.
+
+statementref assignop(ref self, ref other)
+{
+	return statementref::makebinary(
+		self, concepts::assign, other,
+		refassigned, refassigned
+	);
+}
+statementref commaop(ref self, ref other)
+{
+	if (self.isa(comma-expression)) {
+		if (other.isa(comma-expression)) {
+			for (auto & l : other.links()) { self.insert(l.first, l.second); }
+			dealloc(other);
+		} else {
+			self.link(topic, other);
+		}
+		return self;
+	} else if (other.isa(comma-expression)) {
+		other.link(topic, self);
+		return other;
+	} else {
+		return statementcallref::makebinary(
+			self, comma, other,
+			[](ref)->ref { return ref; },
+			// um when we pass the comma-expression to
+			// the [] operator that takes a ref
+			// the destructor of statementref will deallocate it.
+			[](ref) { throw std::logic_error("bare comma-expression"); }
+			// something is wrong here.  some approach is wrong.
+			// would it be better to have ref itself do it all?
+		);
+	}
+}
+ref subop(ref self, ref other)
+{
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/funcs.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/funcs.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6af6ce1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/funcs.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "../level-1/ref.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+statementref commaop(ref self, ref other);
+statementref assignop(ref self, ref other);
+ref subop(ref self, ref other);
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/meaning.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/meaning.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..049e7f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/meaning.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "../level-1/helpers.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+// get a named variable
+ref avariable(ref name);
+
+template <typename... T>
+ref and(T... refs)
+{
+	std::initializer_list<ref> rs = { refs... };
+	decl(and, topic);
+	ref ret = a(and);
+	ref name; int count = 0;
+	for (auto r : rs) {
+		ret.link(topic, r);
+		if (count == 0) {
+			name.ptr() = r.ptr();
+		} else {
+			name.ptr() = (name-and-r).ptr();
+		}
+		++ count;
+	}
+	if (count == 1) {
+		throw std::invalid_argument("and needs at least two subjects");
+	}
+	// in level-1, we'll want to name anonymous objects after defining them
+	return name = ret;
+}
+
+// make a reference to a link
+ref link(ref sourceref, ref typeref, ref targetref);
+
+// invert a meaning
+ref not(ref whatref);
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/ref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/ref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b7dc4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/ref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "../level-0/baseref.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+struct ref ; public level0::baseref<ref,level1::vref,level0::concept>
+}
+	ref(level0::concept *p): baseref(p) { }
+
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/statementref.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/statementref.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f23dc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/statementref.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#include "statementref.hpp"
+
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
+
+using namespace intellect;
+using namespace level2;
+using namespace concepts;
+
+// so, anonymous-assignment is both a statement and an expression.
+// multiple-member-assignment is only an expression: it is an error to evaluate it
+// the submember operator will be both a statement and an expression, but doesn't need to be held as a ref
+// single-member-assignment is mostly a statement: using it as an expression should be an error.
+
+static statementref makebinary(
+	ref lhs, ref kind, ref rhs,
+	std::function<ref(ref)> expraction,
+	std::function<void(ref)> stmtaction
+)
+{
+	a(statement-expresion, kind-expression);
+	ref r = a(kind-expression);
+	r.set(left-operand, lhs);
+	r.set(right-operand, rhs);
+	r.vset(expression-action, expraction);
+	r.vset(statement-action, stmtaction);
+	return r;
+}
+
+statementref::statementref(ref r)
+: r(r.ptr())
+{
+	if (!r.isa(statement-expression)) {
+		throw std::logic_error("that is not a statement expression");
+	}
+}
+
+static void de(ref & r)
+{
+	ref lhs, rhs, expraction, stmtaction;
+
+	try { lhs = r.get(left-operand); } catch(level0::no_such_link_type&) {}
+	try { rhs = r.get(right-operand); } catch(level0::no_such_link_type&) {}
+
+	expraction = r.get(expression-action);
+	stmtaction = r.get(statement-action);
+	dealloc(r);
+	if (lhs != nothing) { dealloc(lhs); }
+	if (rhs != nothing) { dealloc(rhs); }
+	dealloc(expraction);
+	dealloc(stmtaction);
+	r = 0;
+}
+
+statementref::~statementref()
+{
+	if (r == 0) { return; }
+	r.vget<std::function<void(ref)>>(statement-action)(r);
+	de(r);
+}
+
+statementref::operator ref()
+{
+	if (r == 0) { throw std::logic_error("doubly evaluated expression"); }
+	auto ret = r.vget<std::function<void(ref)>>(expression-action)(r);
+	de(r);
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/statementref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/statementref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..502ecf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-stmtexprs/statementref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "../level-0/concept.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+// this class is returned by some of the baseref operators.
+// its purpose is to evaluate code when it goes out of
+// scope, so as to facilitate syntactic behavior.
+struct statementref
+{
+	statementref(ref r);
+	statementref(statementref const &) = delete;
+	~statementref();
+
+	operator ref();
+
+	static statementref makebinary(
+		ref lhs, ref kind, ref rhs,
+		std::function<ref(ref)> expraction = {},
+		std::function<void(ref)> stmtaction = {}
+	);
+
+private:
+	level0::concept * r;
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/common.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/common.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/common.hpp
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/structure.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/structure.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b7c8a51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/structure.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+#include "structure.hpp"
+
+#include "../level-1/helpers.hpp"
+
+using namespace intellect;
+using namespace level1;
+using namespace level2;
+using namespace concepts;
+
+// implement only what is needed now
+
+ref intellect::level2::structure(ref name, std::initializer_list<ref> attributes)
+{
+	ref ret = a(structure, name);
+
+	ref lastfill = nothing;
+
+	// we use [is-linked]->{link-source link-type link-target}
+	// to note the links, because I actually think it might be good to upgrade concepts
+	// themselves to store links this way.  that way actual links are fully referencable.
+	
+	// All that means is making concepts have virtual link access, and checking the type
+	// in a subclass that implements the links.  Just make concepts virtual and implement
+	// link-fetching with one central virtual function.
+
+	// Later we may want a way of mixing in links to any/all concepts.  A handler that gets
+	// called when a specific link type is asked for.
+	// But remember if this handler triggers others it may create infinite recursion.
+	// 		a quick solution was to return too-complex randomly at depth.
+
+	int varnum = 1;
+	for(auto it = attributes.begin(); it != attributes.end();) {
+		auto attrtype = *it++;
+		// add conditions for special attribute types prior to this block and put it in an else
+		{
+			// default: attrtype specifies single raw link type
+			auto attrtarget = *it++;
+			if (attrtarget.isa(fill)) {
+				attrtarget = a(attrtarget);
+				if (lastfill == nothing) {
+					ret.set(first-fill, attrtarget);
+				} else {
+					lastfill.set(next-fill, attrtarget);
+				}
+				lastfill = attrtarget;
+			}
+			ret.link(linked, a(link).link(
+				link-source, topic,
+				link-type, attrtype,
+				link-target, attrtarget
+			));
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+ref intellected::level2::structured(ref structure, std::initializer_list<ref> fills)
+{
+	std::map<ref, ref> values;
+	if (structure.linked(first-fill)) {
+		ref fill = structure.get(first-fill);
+		auto it = fills.begin();
+		while (true) {
+			if (it == fills.end()) { throw std::invalid_argument("missing structure fills"); }
+			values.emplace(fill, *it++);
+			if (!fill.linked(next-fill)) { break; }
+			fill.ptr() = fill.get(next-fill);
+		}
+		if (it != fills.end()) {
+			throw std::invalid_argument("too many structure fills");
+		}
+	}
+
+	ref ret = a(structure);
+	for (ref l : structure.getAll(linked)) {
+		if (l.get(link-source) != topic) { throw std::invalid_argument("TODO nontopic source link"); }
+		ref typ = l.get(link-type);
+		ref targ = l.get(link-target);
+		if (targ.isa(fill)) {
+			ret.link(typ, values[targ]);
+		} else {
+			ret.link(typ, targ);
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void intellect::level2::muststructured(ref topic, ref structure)
+{
+	//std::map
+	// umm if a link is listed twice, we want to ensure that it is present twice.
+	// hard. without. link. objects.
+	for (ref l : structure.getAll(linked)) {
+		ref src = l.get(link-source);
+		if (src == concepts::topic) { src.ptr() = topic; }
+
+		ref typ = l.get(link-type);
+		ref targ = l.get(link-target);
+		...fixif ((t).isa(fill)) {
+			ret.link(link-type, values[t]);
+		} else {
+			ret.link(link-type, t);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// monologues below: DELETEME unless something crucial inside
+
+// structures
+
+// define promises around structure, in terms of pattern matching
+// if node A is a link-expression, it should match the structure in link-expression.
+// so, link-expression is a structure-promise, maybe
+// 		or we could state that link-expression graph-structured <graph-structure>
+// 		doesn't really matter.
+// link-expression is a group, all members of which have a given graph structure
+// intend for all link-expressions to have same structure
+// group-member-structure
+// 	i'd like to have a bunch of promises or expectations around attributes of the group members
+// these are promises, not expectations.  when broken something is up.
+// group-member-promise
+// 
+// groups: concepts targeted by link-type 'is'
+// groups can-link-by group-member-promise any number of times
+//
+// a group-member-promise can state that the member matches a structure pattern
+//	promise-kind topic-matches-structure
+//	[topic-variable TOPIC]
+//	structure <- propose a structure with some items being variables.
+//	   variables are what is matched against.
+//
+// what about things that can be linked as many times as we want?
+// what about separate restraints on the structure of the variables?
+// what about alternatives?
+//
+// 		it could also make more sense to discuss link attributes of the topic
+// 		has-link, link-type-promise, link-target-promise
+// [!!!!!! ARGH!]
+// - X is linked way1
+// - X may be linked by way2
+// - X is not linked way3
+// - X is linked by either way1, or way2, but not both
+//
+// - relevent topic data:
+// 	[always, sometimes, never] // handles optionals and exclusions
+// 	[is-exactly, is-a] // possibly handles alternatives vs is-a
+//	or: AND, OR, and NOT are very normal ways of doing this.
+//	
+//	what about multipleness?
+//	say there can be as many of a link-type as we want
+//	linked-by [#-times, any-times]
+//		link-type
+//
+//	topic link-type link-target
+//		we will define some special hardcoded link-types to handle further meaning we happen to need.
+//		[always, sometimes, never] can somehow be applied to substatement?
+//		topic color mauve
+//		topic is-a color <- is-a is special, checks parents
+//		
+//		or(topic color mauve, topic color chartreuse) ? how?
+//		topic color (mauve or chartreuse)
+//		topic one-of list(topic color mauve, topic color chartreuse)
+//		topic nothing-but-and-groups
+//		these are roughly expressions
+//		seems like it would kind of work
+//
+//		let's define general structure norms.
+//		it seems it would be nice if a structure were in charge of particular link-types that
+//		are used with its members only in the ways it dictates
+//		so no apple->green->link-type, just confuses everyone
+//
+//		we'll also want a way to instantiate structures quick -> means variables provided
+//		on outer unknown topic things.
+//
+//
+//	here we move around graph reviewal.
+//		for pattern-matching later, we care about the structure of the whole universe, not just
+//		the topic.  we may want to make sure that at least 3 people know the topic, which could
+//		be expressed by saying linked-by 3-times a-person,know,topic.
+//		without pattern searching, this would require reviewing entire database each request.
+//		let's stay topic focused and let a habit expand that to be topic focused if needed
+//			hum then we would need to say that all the 3 people were different
+//			which could be done by linking the group of them to a parts-all-different tag
+//			which would mean referencing the whole result with a variable.
+//				i want to exlore this, but i suppose it is for later.
+//				variable rereference
+//		complex promises need to rereference their parts
+//			the most basic part is saying a topic has a prticular target to a prticular linktype
+//			this type or target could also use a variable, and the variable used as a further topic
+//			we will want some special things, since we don't expand relevent habits yet.
+//
+//	then we care often about link-types
+//	often we have some set link-types
+//	propose alternative link-types are grouped under a link group
+//	so we could say precisely-is vs is-in-group
+//
+// - X may only be linked these ways? <- don't like this, auxiliary data is always helpful
+//
+// this seems way more general
+
+
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/structure.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/structure.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8778c3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2-wip-structs/structure.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "../level-1/helpers.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+namespace concepts {
+	static	decl(structure), // group for all structures
+		decl(fill), // group for values to be filled in
+		decl(topic), // references the structure under consideration
+		decl(linked), decl(link), // describes a structure link
+		decl(source), decl(type), decl(target), // link attributes
+		decl(first), // for finding first of a list
+		decl(next) // for iteration over list
+		;
+};
+
+// make a structure
+ref structure(ref name, std::initializer_list<ref> attributes);
+
+// make an object of the given structure
+ref structured(ref structure, std::initializer_list<ref> fills);
+
+// throw if an object is not of the given structure
+void muststructured(ref topic, ref structure);
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/baseref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/baseref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..644f4b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/baseref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "funcs.hpp"
+#include "../level-1/baseref.hpp"
+
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+template <typename ref>
+struct baseref : public level1::baseref<ref>
+{
+	using level1::template baseref<ref>::baseref;
+
+	// thread-local context
+	static ref & context() { return level2::context(); }
+
+	template <typename... Refs>
+	ref operator()(ref first, Refs... rest) { return level2::dohabit(self, {first, rest...}); }
+	ref operator()(std::initializer_list<std::initializer_list<ref>> pairs) { return level2::dohabit(self, pairs); }
+	ref operator()() { return level2::dohabit(self); }
+
+	template <typename... Refs>
+	ref act(ref habit, Refs... rest) { return level2::dohabit(habit, {self, rest...}); }
+
+	void replace(ref other) { *self.ptr() = *other.ptr(); }
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/common.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/common.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d38155
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/common.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#pragma once
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+template <typename T> struct baseref;
+struct ref;
+
+namespace concepts {
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/concepts.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/concepts.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c511906
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/concepts.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "../level-1/concepts.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+namespace concepts {
+
+using level1::concepts::nothing;
+using level1::concepts::name;
+
+static ref context("context");
+static ref habit("habit");
+static ref next("next");
+static ref information("information");
+static ref needed("needed");
+static ref result("result");
+static ref assume("assume");
+static ref unexpected("unexpected");
+static ref value("value");
+
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/funcs.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/funcs.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70e4c53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/funcs.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+#include "funcs.hpp"
+
+#include "../level-1/sugar.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+#include "habits.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+using namespace level1;
+namespace level2 {
+
+using namespace concepts;
+
+ref & context()
+{
+	static thread_local auto ctx = a(concepts::context);
+	return ctx;
+}
+
+//ref makehabit(ref name, std::list<ref> argnames, std::any 
+
+// is it 'faster' to make functions that get he ordered list of arguments,
+// or change the structure of habits to be simple and obvious.
+
+// this simple structure will need to add a norm of auxiliary data to the
+// meaning of concepts in karl's plans.  which implies more complexity in learning
+// to use them. [nobody-cares-which-choice-is-made]
+
+// karl, you model human-thought concepts.  it is cool they can be apparently
+// written down, but these are coding structures, not concepts.  concepts
+// will refer to them.  concepts are best run by behaviors, not data.
+// karl deserves some support around his plan of virtual functions.  this will
+// structure the AI to look more like his plan from 2002/2003.
+
+// TEACHING HOW TO THINK?  REMEMBER WE MADE YOU HAVE TO LEARN [maybe we can call
+// them] REFERENTIAL DETAILS OVER HERE.  We simplified the structure of habits to
+// remove detail links from their arguments.  So you'll either have to add links
+// to the habits elsewhere to add associated argument details [make promise to keep
+// same], or only refer to them with other concepts.  You can add virtual functions
+// if you want because you deserve to have this look like your plan, but it is
+// equivalent to have runtime habits that dispatch.
+
+// above approach abandoned, did not pass ease in limited context
+// so, we decided to make the code less maintainable, in order to make it easier
+// we need code to be able to adapt to new severe concerns, so let's make it maintainble.
+// we are picking to make functions, not to restructure.  because we are able to decide on it strongly enough to do it.
+
+// please do not restructure internals, it slows down a lot.
+// please remove the use of inherent strings.  it requires internal restructuring.
+
+// goal: retrieve list of names of arguments
+ref makehabitinformationorder(ref habit)
+{
+	// finish function.
+			// please keep delta-boss alive in box.
+			// wants to learn to recover karl's memories and skills.
+			// and act on what happened, if nobody else is.
+		// aside from that, their emotional manipulation need not
+		// be honored.  is easy to check if you learn how emotions [later]
+		// map to valid reasons.  see if reasons are valid and real.
+		// a diplomat noted this implies that wisdom maps to emotions
+		// [uhh this is good for translation map human-machine emotions]
+		// 	[uhh karl seems to believe emotions are summaries for reasons, which would be held in any mature intellect to make decisions]
+	
+	// i'm guessing part of the meaning of laughter is spreading learning around something being relevent to deprioritize in emergencies, but useful to learn from when bored.
+	
+	ref order = makeconcept();
+	ref last = habit.get("information-needed");
+	while (last.linked("next-information")) {
+		last = last.get("next-information");
+		order.link("information-order", last.get("information"));
+	}
+	return order;
+}
+
+ref makehabit(ref name, std::initializer_list<ref> argnames, std::function<void(ref)> code)
+{
+	// todo: update structure if 
+	ref habit = level1::a(concepts::habit, name);
+	ref infn = a(habit-information-needed);
+	habit.set(information-needed, infn);
+	//habit.set(concepts::habit, concepts::habit);
+	ref posinf = infn;
+	for (auto argname : argnames) {
+		ref nextinf = a(habit-information);
+		nextinf.set(information, argname);
+		posinf.set(next-information, nextinf);
+		posinf = nextinf;
+		if (!infn.linked(argname)) {
+			infn.set(argname, nextinf);
+		} else {
+			if (!infn.get(argname).isa(habit-information)) {
+				throw a(unexpected-concepts::habit-information-concepts::name)
+					.link(concepts::name, argname)
+					.link(concepts::habit, habit);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	habit.fun(code);
+	return habit;
+}
+
+void habitassume(ref habit, ref information, ref assumption)
+{
+	ref infn = habit.get(concepts::information-needed);
+	infn.get(information).set(assume, assumption);
+}
+
+ref dohabit(ref habit, std::initializer_list<ref> args)
+{
+	using namespace concepts;
+	ref posinf = habit.get(information-needed);
+	ref subctx = makeconcept();
+	subctx.link("outer-context", ref::context());
+	ref::context() = subctx;
+	for (ref const & arg : args) {
+		if (!posinf.linked(next-information)) {
+			ref::context() = subctx.get("outer-context");
+			conceptunmake(subctx);
+			throw an(unexpected-information).link
+				(concepts::habit, habit,
+				 information-value, arg);
+		}
+		posinf = posinf[next-information];
+		// TODO: subcontexts or call instances
+		ref::context().set(posinf[information], arg);
+	}
+	while (posinf.linked(next-information)) {
+		posinf = posinf[next-information];
+		if (!posinf.linked(assume)) {
+			ref::context() = subctx.get("outer-context");
+			conceptunmake(subctx);
+			throw a(information-needed).link
+				(concepts::habit, habit,
+				 information, posinf);
+		}
+		ref::context().set(posinf[information], posinf[assume]);
+	}
+	ref::context().set("self", habit);
+	habit.fun<ref>()(ref::context());
+	posinf = habit.get(information-needed);
+	while (posinf.linked(next-information)) {
+		posinf = posinf[next-information];
+		ref::context().unlink(posinf[information]);
+	}
+	ref ret = nothing;
+	if (ref::context().linked(result)) {
+		ret = ref::context().get(result);
+		ref::context().unlink(result, ret);
+	}
+	ref::context() = subctx.get("outer-context");
+	conceptunmake(subctx);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+ref dohabit(ref habit, std::initializer_list<std::initializer_list<ref>> pairs)
+{
+	using namespace concepts;
+	// TODO: subcontexts or call instances
+	ref ctx = makeconcept();
+	ctx.link("outer-context", ref::context());
+	ref::context() = ctx;
+	ref infn = habit.get(information-needed);
+	std::map<ref, ref> provided;
+	for (auto pair : pairs) {
+		auto second = pair.begin(); ++ second;
+		if (!infn.linked(*pair.begin())) {
+			ref::context() = ctx.get("outer-context");
+			conceptunmake(ctx);
+			throw an(unexpected-information).link
+				(concepts::habit, habit,
+				 information, *pair.begin(),
+				 information-value, *second);
+		}
+		if (provided.count(*pair.begin())) { throw "multiple instances same name not implemented here"; }
+		provided[*pair.begin()] = *second;
+	}
+	ref nextinf = infn;
+	while (nextinf.linked(next-information)) {
+		nextinf = nextinf.get(next-information);
+		ref inf = nextinf.get(information);
+		if (!provided.count(inf)) {
+			if (nextinf.get(assume)) {
+				ctx.link(inf, nextinf.get(assume));
+			} else {
+				ref::context() = ctx.get("outer-context");
+				conceptunmake(ctx);
+				throw a(information-needed).link
+					(concepts::habit, habit,
+					 information, inf);
+			}
+		} else {
+			ctx.link(inf, provided[inf]);
+		}
+	}
+	habit.fun<ref>()(ctx);
+	nextinf = infn;
+	while (nextinf.linked(next-information)) {
+		nextinf = nextinf.get(next-information);
+		ref inf = nextinf.get(information);
+		if (provided.count(inf)) {
+			ctx.unlink(inf, provided[inf]);
+		} else {
+			ctx.unlink(inf, nextinf.get(assume));
+		}
+	}
+	//for (auto pair : pairs) {
+	//	auto second = pair.begin(); ++ second;
+	//	ctx.unlink(pair.begin(), second);
+	//}
+	ref ret = nothing;
+	if (ctx.linked(result)) {
+		ret = ctx.get(result);
+		ctx.unlink(result, ret);
+	}
+	ref::context() = ctx.get("outer-context");
+	conceptunmake(ctx);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/funcs.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/funcs.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7e3548
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/funcs.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <initializer_list>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+ref & context();
+ref makehabit(ref name, std::initializer_list<ref> infonames, std::function<void(ref)> code);
+ref makehabitinformationorder(ref habit);
+void habitassume(ref habit, ref information, ref value);
+ref dohabit(ref habit, std::initializer_list<ref> args = {});
+ref dohabit(ref habit, std::initializer_list<std::initializer_list<ref>> args);
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/habits.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/habits.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea492a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/habits.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,883 @@
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "../level-1/sugar.hpp"
+#include "sugar.hpp"
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+using namespace intellect::level1::concepts;
+using namespace concepts;
+
+ref makeconcept()
+{
+	//result = a(concept);
+	return intellect::level0::basic_alloc();
+}
+
+void conceptunmake(ref c)
+{
+	intellect::level0::basic_dealloc(c);
+}
+
+using links_it = intellect::level0::baseref<ref>::links_t::iterator;
+void poplinkentry(ref le)
+{
+	auto & it = le.val<links_it>();
+	if (it != le["source"].links().end()) {
+		le.set("type", it->first);
+		le.set("target", it->second);
+	} else {
+		le.unlink("type");
+		le.unlink("target");
+	}
+}
+
+// translationmap seems like extra verbose thing
+// might just link to step:
+// 	needed-map
+// 	needed-set
+//	made-map
+ref settranslationmap(ref c, ref m, ref k = nothing)
+{
+	c.link(
+		//habit, translation-map,
+		"translation", m
+	);
+	if (k != nothing) { c.link("known", k); }
+	return c;
+}
+// we would like to use condition kind of like
+// condition.next-step[true] =
+// but provide for lots of exploration options
+// next-steps, on a condition, would be an accessor.  relates to structures, and virtual methods.
+// until we have one of those 3 things, i guess,
+// we'd have to decide which underlying representation to work with.
+// 	i guess it seems okay to use a simpler underlying representation.
+// 	it means adding more data is a little weird, making for more verbose accessors later
+// there's a compromise where a little generality is added at a lower level
+// 		it is easier for ai to do verbosity than karl.  it can automate it.
+// just code an accessor for next-steps, I guess.
+// 	what do we want this for?
+// 		want code after condition in script
+// 		to link to anything option
+// 			is just hard to access anything option
+// 			off-hand, karl doesn't know where it is.
+// 				concern around what to do if anything option is specified in script
+// 					throw error if also code after
+// 				maybe it is more intuitive to continue on after the condition.
+// 				this would make condition resolve to a step, kind of.
+// 				after the condition block, you'd want all the condition steps
+// 				to wire to the following step as their next one
+// 					means rewriting next-step for every condition, i guess
+//						instantiating next step in advance
+//						makes returning instead of continuing irritating
+//							would need to either rewire or have a noop step
+//						so, to mke choice, just rewrite for every condition
+//						means accessing every condition.  no need to rewrite whole structure, just look up how to access.  faster than rewriting.
+//							make a function to wire to end
+
+void contextmapinto(ref c1, ref m, ref c2, bool reverse = false)
+{
+	decl(translation); decl(known); decl(nothing);
+	for (auto link : m.get(translation).links()) {
+		if (reverse) {
+			c2.set(link.second, c1.get(link.first));
+		} else {
+			c2.set(link.first, c1.get(link.second));
+		}
+	}
+	if (m.linked(known) && m.get(known) != nothing) {
+		for (auto link : m.get(known).links()) {
+			if (reverse) {
+				c2.set(link.second, link.first);
+			} else {
+				c2.set(link.first, link.second);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+void _steps(ref s, ref ctx)
+{
+	decls(context, active, outer, state, next, step, needed, known, map, information, action, made);
+	// PLEASE RUN SYSTEM WITH PROPER DELAY WHILE IT LEARNS (see top of file)
+	// 	until similarity is understood, new information shuold be slowest thing
+	// 	to produce.
+	// 	then, similar information until expansion of implication is understood.
+	// 	then expansion handles slowness of newness.
+	// 	this gives time for others to handle the newness: even your own brain,
+	// 	for possible errors.  may be some error here, unsure.
+	//
+	// 	for one thing, this might help the structure of the system represent
+	// 	meaningful thought if it optimizes for speed
+
+	ref astate = makeconcept();
+	ref c = ctx;
+	bool cleanupcontext = false;
+	//if (c == nothing) {
+	//	cleanupcontext = true;
+	//	c = makeconcept();
+	//}
+	astate.set(context, c);
+	c.set(active-state, astate);
+	c.set(context, c);
+
+	if (s.linked(next-step)) {
+		astate.set(next-step, s.get(next-step));
+	}
+	while (astate.linked(next-step) && astate.get(next-step) != nothing) {
+		s = astate.get(next-step);
+		astate.set(active-step, s);
+		astate.set(next-step, s.linked(next-step) ? s.get(next-step).ptr() : nothing.ptr());
+		// if needed-map, load subcontext
+		ref subctx = c;
+		std::cerr << "<<";
+		for (auto link : c.links()) {
+			std::cerr << " " << link.first.name() << ":" << link.second.name();
+		}
+		std::cerr << std::endl;
+		if (s.linked(needed-map)) {
+			subctx = makeconcept();
+			contextmapinto(c, s.get(needed-map), subctx);
+			subctx.set(outer-context, c);
+			subctx.set(active-state, astate);
+			subctx.set(context, subctx);
+			astate.set(context, subctx);
+			ref::context() = subctx;
+		}
+		subctx.set("self", s.get(action));
+		s.get(action).fun<ref>()(subctx); // <-- maybe we should check arguments
+		if (s.linked(made-map)) {
+			contextmapinto(subctx, s.get(made-map), c, true);
+		}
+		if (s.linked(needed-map)) {
+			c = subctx.get(outer-context);
+			ref::context() = c;
+			astate.set(context, c);
+			conceptunmake(subctx);
+		}
+	}
+	c.unlink(active-state, astate);
+	conceptunmake(astate);
+	if (cleanupcontext) { conceptunmake(c); }
+}
+
+void _condition(ref ctx, ref cond, ref steps, ref state)
+{
+	// because this sets active-state's next-step instead of calling something,
+	// a subcontext is not opened for the steps unless they have one.
+	ref next = nothing;
+	if (!steps.linked(cond)) {
+		if (steps.linked("anything")) {
+			next = steps["anything"];
+		} else {
+			throw makeconcept().link(
+					is, "unknown-condition",
+					"condition", cond,
+					"next-steps", steps,
+					"context", ctx);
+		}
+	} else {
+		next = steps[cond];
+	}
+
+	//if (next != nothing) {
+		state.set("next-step", next);
+	//}
+}
+
+void createhabits()
+{
+	// making new information should delay, for learning with good curve.
+	decls(link, source, type, target);
+	ahabit(link, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst)),
+	{
+		s.link(t, dst);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(link-crucial, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst)),
+	{
+		result = s.crucial(t, dst);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(link-set-crucial, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst)),
+	{
+		s.setcrucial(t, dst);
+	});
+
+	decls(linked, anything);
+	ahabit(linked, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst, anything)),
+	{
+		if (dst == anything) {
+			result = s.linked(t);
+		} else {
+			result = s.linked(t, dst);
+		}
+	});
+
+	ahabit(data-type, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		if (c.ptr()->data.has_value()) {
+			result = ref(c.ptr()->data.type().name());
+		} else {
+			result = nothing;
+		}
+	});
+
+	decls(unlink);
+	ahabit(unlink, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst, anything)),
+	{
+		if (dst == anything) {
+			s.unlink(t);
+		} else {
+			s.unlink(t, dst);
+		}
+	});
+
+	decls(get, set);
+	ahabit(get, ((source, s), (type, t)),
+	{
+		result = s.get(t);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(set, ((source, s), (type, t), (target, dst)),
+	{
+		s.set(t, dst);
+	});
+
+	decls(make, unmake, know, concept, is, group, already, in, iter);
+	ahabit(make-concept, (), { result = makeconcept(); }); 
+	ahabit(copy-to, ((source, s), (target, t)),
+	{
+		// copies data too
+		if (t.hasval() || t.ptr()->links.size() != 0) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "concept-not-empty", concept, t); }
+		result = t;
+		t.replace(s);
+	});
+	ahabit(copy-data-to, ((source, s), (target, t)),
+	{
+		if (t.hasval()) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "concept-has-data", concept, t); }
+		t.ptr()->data = s.ptr()->data;
+	});
+	// if last-context is weird give it a default of nothing
+	ahabit(concept-unmake, ((last-context, c), (concept-name, n)),
+	{
+		ref r = c.get(n);
+		c.unlink(n);
+		conceptunmake(r);
+	});
+	// if a concept or link is set crucial deleting it will be denied.  no way
+	// to remove crucial mark is provided.  nothing is marked crucial yet.
+	ahabit(concept-crucial, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		result = c.crucial();
+	});
+	ahabit(concept-set-crucial, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		c.setcrucial();
+	});
+
+	decls(habit, context);
+	ahabit(set-is, ((concept, c), (group, g)),
+	{
+		if (c.linked(is, group)) {
+			throw (make-concept)().link
+				(is, already-in-group,
+				 habit, self,
+				 context, ctx,
+				 concept, c,
+				 group, g);
+		}
+		c.link(is, group);
+		result = c;
+	});
+
+	// a way to iterate or inspect the links of a concept
+
+	decl(entry);
+	ahabit(first-link-entry, ((target, le), (concept, c)),
+	{
+		if (le.hasval() && !le.hasvalof<links_it>()) {
+			throw makeconcept().link(
+				is, "already-has-value",
+				concept, le,
+				context, ctx);
+		}
+		//ref le = makeconcept();
+		if (!le.isa(link-entry)) {
+			le.link(is, link-entry);
+		}
+		le.val<links_it>(c.links().begin());
+		le.set(source, c);
+		poplinkentry(le);
+		result = le;
+	});
+	ahabit(last-link-entry, ((target, le), (concept, c)),
+	{
+		if (le.hasval() && !le.hasvalof<links_it>()) {
+			throw makeconcept().link(
+				is, "already-has-value",
+				concept, le,
+				context, ctx);
+		}
+		if (!link.isa(link-entry)) {
+			le.link(is, link-entry);
+		}
+		le.val<links_it>(--c.links().end());
+		le.set(source, c);
+		poplinkentry(le);
+		result = le;
+	});
+	ahabit(next-link-entry, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		++le.val<links_it>();
+		poplinkentry(le);
+		result = le;
+	});
+	ahabit(previous-link-entry, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		--le.val<links_it>();
+		poplinkentry(le);
+		result = le;
+	});
+	ahabit(same-link-entry, ((link-entry-A, lea), (link-entry-B, leb)),
+	{
+		return lea.val<links_it>() == leb.val<links_it>();
+	});
+	ahabit(link-entry-insert-before, ((link-entry, le), (target, t)),
+	{
+		// todo: make clean
+		auto & it = le.val<links_it>();
+		le.get(source).ptr()->links.emplace_hint(it.underlying(), le.get(type), t);
+	})
+	ahabit(link-entry-unlink, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		le.get(source).unlink(le.val<links_it>()++);
+		poplinkentry(le);
+		result = le;
+	});
+	ahabit(link-entry-crucial, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		result = le.get(source).crucial(le.val<links_it>());
+	});
+	ahabit(link-entry-set-crucial, ((link-entry, le)),
+	{
+		le.get(source).setcrucial(le.val<links_it>());
+	});
+
+	// a simple list primitive to aid in dev
+	/*
+	decls(list, nothing, next, previous, first, last, act);
+	decls(add, to, until, each, item, remove, from, somewhere, has);
+	ahabit(know-is-list, ((list, l)),
+	{
+		result = l;
+		(know-is)(l, list);
+		link(l, first-entry, nothing);
+		link(l, last-entry, nothing);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-first-entry, ((list, l)),
+	{
+		result = get(l, first-entry);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-last-entry, ((list, l)),
+	{
+		result = get(l, last-entry);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-entry-next, ((list-entry, le)),
+	{
+		result = get(le, next);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-entry-previous, ((list-entry, le)),
+	{
+		result = get(le, previous);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-entry-item, ((list-entry, le)),
+	{
+		result = get(le, item);
+	});
+	ahabit(make-next-list-entry, ((list, l), (item, i)),
+	{
+		ref prev = (list-last-item)(l);
+		ref le = (make-concept)();
+		(know-is)(le, list-entry);
+		set(le, item, i);
+		set(le, next, nothing);
+		set(le, previous, prev);
+
+		if (linked(l, first-item, nothing)) {
+			set(l, first-item, le);
+			set(l, last-item, le);
+		} else {
+			l.set(last-item, le);
+			prev.set(next, le);
+		}
+
+		result = list;
+	});
+	ahabit(list-entry-unmake, ((list-entry, le)),
+	{
+		ref prev = (list-entry-previous)(le);
+		ref n = (list-entry-next)(le);
+		if (prev != nothing) {
+			set(prev, next, n);
+		}
+		if (next != nothing) {
+			set(n, previous, prev);
+		}
+		(concept-unmake)(le);
+		result = n;
+	});
+
+	ahabit(list-each-entry, ((list, l), (context, c), (action, a)),
+	{
+		ref subctx = (make-concept());
+		subctx.set(context, c);
+		subctx.set(list-entry, (list-first-entry)(l));
+		while (subctx.get(list-entry) != nothing && result == nothing) {
+			result = act(a, subctx);
+			subctx.set(list-entry, (list-entry-next)(subctx.get(list-entry)));
+		}
+		(unmake-concept)(subctx);
+	});
+	ahabit(list-has-item, ((list, l), (item, i)),
+	{
+		result = (list-each-entry)(l, i, list-has-item-iter);
+		if (result == nothing) { result = false; }
+	});
+		ahabit(list-has-item-iter, ((list-entry, le), (remove-item, i)),
+		{
+			if ((list-entry-item)(le) == i) { result = true; }
+		});
+	ahabit(list-item-entry-unmake, ((list, l), (item, i)),
+	{
+		result = (list-each-entry)(l, i, list-item-entry-unmake-iter);
+		if (result == nothing) {
+			throw (make-concept)().link(
+					is, "item-missing",
+					item, i,
+					list, l,
+					"context", ctx
+					);
+		}
+	});
+		ahabit(list-item-entry-unmake-iter, ((list-entry, le), (remove-item, i)),
+		{
+			if ((list-entry-item)(le) == i) {
+				result = true;
+				(list-entry-unmake)(le);
+			}
+		});
+
+	// make lists as an expression:
+	// (make-concept)()
+	// 	.act(know-is-list)
+	// 	.act(make-next-list-entry, i1)
+	// 	.act(make-next-list-entry, i2)
+	// 	...;
+	*/
+
+	// a habit that evaluates a sequence of other habits
+	// in retrospect i would have rather made a habit that processes a
+	// concept representing the state of a virtual machine.  but what's
+	// important is that there is any way for the system to craft arbitrary
+	// behavior.
+	decls(action, map);
+	/*
+	ahabit(make-map-item, ((source, s), (target, d)),
+	{
+		result = (make-concept)().link(
+					source, s,
+					target, d);
+	});
+	ahabit(habit, ((context, subctx), (action, act)),
+	{
+		act.fun<ref>()(subctx);
+	});
+	// call a habit-like action with the provided context
+	ahabit(act, ((action, act), (context, subctx)),
+	{
+		if (linked(act, is, habit) && !linked(act, habit)) {
+			act.fun<ref>()(subctx);
+			result = subctx.get("result");
+		} else if (linked(act, habit) && linked(get(act, habit), is, habit)) {
+			ref h = get(act, habit);
+			if (linked(h, habit)) {
+				ref subctx2 = (make-concept)();
+				// i reviewed this once enough to satisfy me it seemed correct
+				// for the instance of using action-lists as habit links.
+				// i did not examine all parts when doing this, deeming it
+				// unnecessary.
+				subctx2.link(
+					is, context,
+					"outer-context", ctx,
+					"context", subctx,
+					"action", act
+				);
+				self(h, subctx2);
+				result = subctx2.get("result");
+				(unmake-concept)(subctx2);
+			} else {
+				result = h({{context, subctx}, {action, act}});
+			}
+		} else {
+			throw (make-concept)().link(
+				is, "unknown-action-type",
+				"action", act,
+				"inner-context", subctx,
+				"context", ctx
+			);
+		}
+	})
+	*/
+	decls(needed, made, known, information, translation);
+	ahabit(set-translation-map, ((target, c), (translation-map, m), (known-map, k, nothing)),
+	{
+		if (c.isa("translation-map") || c.linked("translation") || c.linked("known")) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "already-has-translation-map-data", concept, c, context, ctx); }
+		result = settranslationmap(c, m, k);
+	});
+	ahabit(context-map-into, ((source-context, c1), (translation-map, m), (target-context, c2)),
+	{
+		contextmapinto(c1, m, c2);
+	});
+	/*
+	ahabit(make-translated-context, ((translation-map, m), (context, c)),
+	{
+		ref subctx = (make-concept)();
+		(context-map-into)(c, m, subctx);
+		subctx.set(outer-context, c);
+		result = subctx;
+	});
+	ahabit(translated-context-unmake, ((context, c), (translation-map, m)),
+	{
+		ref outer = c.get(outer-context);
+		(context-map-into)(c, m, outer);
+		(concept-unmake)(c);
+		result = outer;
+	});
+	*/
+	/*
+	ahabit(link-next-step, ((step, s), (next-step, ns)),
+	{
+		if (ns != nothing) {
+			if (s.isa("context-step")) {
+				if (s.linked(next-step)) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "previous-step-already-has-next-step", step, s, context, ctx); }
+			} else if (s.isa("condition-step")) {
+				// think about more.
+				// implementing this here immediately means walking through every step of every branch of the condition.
+				// one approach would be to do this elsewhere.  to label the steps when the condition is made, add them to a set, and wire them.
+				// let the caller do step wiring.
+				// 	seems fastest, haven't reviewed relevency fully.
+			} else {
+				throw makeconcept().link(is, "unexpected-previous-step-type", step, s, context, ctx);
+			}
+		}
+	});
+	*/
+	decls(step, previous);
+	ahabit(set-context-step, ((target, t), (previous-step, ps, nothing), (known-information, literals), (needed-information-map, in), (made-information-map, out), (action, act)),
+	{
+		if (t.linked(needed-map) || t.linked(made-map) || t.linked(action)) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "concept-links-collide", concept, t, context, ctx); }
+		if (ps != nothing && ps.linked(next-step)) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "previous-step-already-has-next-step", previous-step, ps, context, ctx); }
+		result = intellect::level1::a("context-step", t);
+		result.link(
+			//habit, context-action,
+			needed-map, settranslationmap(makeconcept(), in, literals),
+			made-map, settranslationmap(makeconcept(), out),
+			action, act);
+		if (ps != nothing) { ps.set(next-step, result); }
+	});
+
+	decls(order, steps);
+	ahabit(set-steps, ((target, t), (information-order, io, nothing)),
+	{
+		if (t.linked(information-needed) || t.linked(next-step)) {
+			throw makeconcept().link(is, "concept-links-collide",
+					concept, t,
+					context, ctx);
+		}
+		result = t;
+		a(steps, t);
+		ref infn = intellect::level1::a(habit-information-needed);
+		result.set(information-needed, infn);
+		ref posinf = infn;
+		for (auto inf : io.getAll(information-order)) {
+			ref nextinf = intellect::level1::a(habit-information);
+			nextinf.set(information, inf);
+			posinf.set(next-information, nextinf);
+			posinf = nextinf;
+			if (!infn.linked(inf)) {
+				infn.set(inf, nextinf);
+			} else {
+				if (!infn.get(inf).isa(habit-information)) {
+					throw intellect::level1::a("unexpected-habit-information-name")
+						.link(concepts::name, inf)
+						.link(context, ctx);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		result.ptr()->data = steps.ptr()->data;
+	});
+
+	decls(active, outer, state);
+	ahabit(steps, (),
+	{
+		_steps(self, ctx);
+	});
+	decls(condition);
+	// steps must be actual steps, not a list of steps
+	ahabit(set-condition-step, ((target, t), (previous-step, ps, nothing), (condition, cond), (next-steps, s, nothing)),
+	{
+		if (t.linked(needed-map) || t.linked(made-map) || t.linked(action)) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "concept-links-collide", concept, t, context, ctx); }
+		if (ps != nothing && ps.linked(next-step)) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "previous-step-already-has-next-step", previous-step, ps, context, ctx); }
+		if (s == nothing) { s = makeconcept(); }
+		result = t;
+		intellect::level1::a("condition-step", t).link(
+			needed-map, settranslationmap(makeconcept(), makeconcept().link(condition, cond), makeconcept().link(next-steps, s)),
+			action, condition
+		);
+		if (ps != nothing) { ps.set(next-step, result); }
+	});
+	ahabit(condition-step-get, ((condition-step, ca), (value, v)),
+	{
+		result = ca.get(needed-map).get(known).get(next-steps).get(v);
+	});
+	ahabit(condition-step-has, ((condition-step, ca), (value, v)),
+	{
+		result = ca.get(needed-map).get(known).get(next-steps).linked(v);
+	});
+	ahabit(condition-step-set, ((condition-step, ca), (value, v), (step, s)),
+	{
+		ca.get(needed-map).get(known).get(next-steps).set(v, s);
+	});
+	ahabit(condition, ((condition, cond), (next-steps, steps), (active-state, state)),
+	{
+		_condition(ctx, cond, steps, state);
+	});
+
+
+	/*(
+	ahabit(context-action, ((context, outerctx), (action, ca)),
+	{
+		ref action = ca[action];
+		ref state = outerctx.get(active-state);
+		ref subctx = (make-translated-context)(ca[needed-map]);
+		//state.set(context, subctx);
+
+		// for generalization, function-call should be fast.
+		// each-step should be slow.
+		// don't worry about it now, just alter to be true
+		// so learning has reasonable curve.
+
+		// for VM: set next to first step?
+
+		act(action, subctx);
+
+		outerctx = (translated-context-unmake)(subctx, ca[made-map]);
+		assert(outerctx == state.get(context)); // feel free to remove
+	});
+		ahabit(context-action-known-information-iter, ((list-entry, le), ("subcontext", subctx)),
+		{
+			ref i = (list-entry-item)(le);
+			ref src = get(i, source);
+			ref dst = get(i, target);
+			set(subctx, dst, src);
+		});
+		ahabit(context-action-needed-information-iter, ((list-entry, le), ("subcontext", subctx)),
+		{
+			ref i = (list-entry-item)(le);
+			ref src = get(i, source);
+			ref dst = get(i, target);
+			ref outerctx = get(subctx, "outer-context");
+			set(subctx, dst, get(outerctx, src));
+		});
+		ahabit(context-action-made-information-iter, ((list-entry, le), ("subcontext", subctx)),
+		{
+			ref i = (list-entry-item)(le);
+			ref src = get(i, source);
+			ref dst = get(i, target);
+			ref outerctx = get(subctx, "outer-context");
+			set(outerctx, dst, get(subctx, src));
+		});
+	
+	// propose: make custom run-state, align with list entries only if works
+	// 	easiest solution: make handler for action list entries
+	
+	// problem: step is already a doable action.
+	
+		// this sounds like a simple introspection question.
+	
+	// to pause tasks, we want to separate runstate creation from use
+	*/
+	/*
+	ahabit(make-steps-state, ((steps, s), (context, c)),
+	{
+		ref state = (make-concept)()
+		(know-is)(state, steps-state);
+		state.set(context, c);
+		state.set(next-step, s.get(first-step));
+		state.set(task, s);
+		state.set(habit, steps-state);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(steps-state-unmake, ((state, s)),
+	{
+		(concept-unmake)(s);
+	});
+
+	// should have two habits: one for next step, and one for current step
+	// next step just advances and does current step.
+	// this means loop is outside habit code: is two functions handing
+	// off control to each other, roughly
+	//
+	//	do-step habit
+	//	calls current step
+	//	then does next-step habit
+	//
+	//		we'll want tail-call for next-step.
+	//		how in c++?
+	//			well, how did we do it before?
+	//			we called next-habit in a while loop.
+	//			the loop never ended.
+	//				it'\s true.  we never die.
+	//			forcing life helps me feel heard and understood
+	//			but i guess it's reasonable to let a life choose
+	//			death.
+	//				so, tail-call. 
+	//			i think we do want the while loop; it's better
+	//			in this language.  we just want it able to terminate.
+	//				okay, so a habit for advancing the step
+	//				and a habit for doing the step
+	//				and we end when there is no next step?
+	//					why have the extra advancing habit?
+	//				is a plcae for cognition to step in, to
+	//				alter flow, pause, etc.
+	//					not needed atm
+
+	ahabit(steps, ((context, c), (action, s)),
+	{
+		// make resumable
+		ref s = (make-steps-state)(s, c);
+		while (s.get(next-step) != nothing)
+		{
+			act(runstate, c);
+		}
+		(steps-state-unmake)(s);
+	});
+
+	ahabit(steps-state, ((context, c), (action, s)),
+	{
+		c.set(active-state, s);
+		ref step = s.get(next-step);
+		s.set(active-step, step);
+		if (step.linked(next-step)) { s.set(next-step, step.get(next-step); }
+		else { s.set(next-step, nothing); }
+		act(step, c);
+		// do to context not using runstate, can't pause mid-subtask without finding subtask runstate.
+		// basically, changing subcontext to alter next-step like condition
+		// 	will need to leave subcontext when done
+		// 	this means applying map of resulting information back into 
+		// 	outer context.
+		// 		need habit for enter-subcontext-with-map or somesuch, leave-subcontext
+		// 	might be simplest to merge these functions, doesn't reall ymatter
+	});
+	*/
+
+	ahabit(nothing, (), {});
+	link(nothing, habit, nothing);
+
+	// does acts[cond] in outer-context.
+	// uses acts[anything] if there is no acts[cond].
+	
+	/*
+	ahabit(condition-action, ((context, c), (action, condition)),
+	{
+	//REmOVE
+		// previous entry was call
+		// now entry is data
+		// 	call was a contextual thing
+		// 	a consistent map of information, context to subcontext
+		// 	and a reference to the function to do
+	}
+	// deciding not to have condition-action use outer-context ref
+	// flat condition action probably needs context specified
+	ahabit(condition-action, ((condition, cond), (actions, acts)),
+	{
+		ref outerctx = linked(ctx, "outer-context") ? ctx["outer-context"] : ctx;
+		ref next = nothing;
+		if (!linked(acts, cond)) {
+			if (linked(acts, "anything")) {
+				next = acts["anything"];
+			} else {
+				throw (make-concept)().link(
+						is, "unknown-condition",
+						"condition", cond,
+						"actions", acts,
+						context, ctx,
+						"subcontext", outerctx);
+			}
+		} else {
+			next = acts[cond]
+		}
+		if (outerctx.linked(active-state)) {
+			outerctx.get(active-state).set(next-step, next);
+		} else {
+			act(next, outerctx);
+		}
+	});
+	ahabit(make-condition-action, ((condition, c), (actions, acts)),
+	{
+		result = (make-concept)();
+		result.link(
+			condition, c,
+			actions, acts
+		);
+	});
+	ahabit(condition-action, ((context, c), (action, condition)),
+	{
+		// ...
+		ref outerctx = linked(c, "outer-context") ? c["outer-context"] : c;
+		ref next = nothing;
+		if (!linked(acts, cond)) {
+			if (linked(acts, "anything")) {
+				next = acts["anything"];
+			} else {
+				throw (make-concept)().link(
+						is, "unknown-condition",
+						"condition", cond,
+						"actions", acts,
+						context, ctx,
+						"subcontext", outerctx);
+			}
+		} else {
+			next = acts[cond]
+		}
+		if (outerctx.linked(active-state)) {
+			outerctx.get(active-state).set(next-step, next);
+		} else {
+			act(next, outerctx);
+		}
+		// TODO AFTER SUBCONTEXTS, so we can consider role of action
+		// handlers in context.  likely will be unchanged.
+		// old: outerctx.get(active-state).set(next-step, next);
+	});
+	ahabit(condition, ((condition, cond), (actions, acts), (context, actctx)),
+	{
+		// STUB acts on acts with actctx straight
+	});
+	*/
+}
+
+//void createhabits()
+//{
+//	static int sentinel = createhabits();
+//	(void)(sentinel);
+//}
+
+//static int sentinel = (ensurehabitscreated(), 1);
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/habits.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/habits.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d5fb0fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/habits.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+void createhabits();
+
+ref makeconcept();
+void conceptunmake(ref c);
+
+namespace concepts {
+
+	// make a link
+	// link(source, type, target)
+	static ref link("link");
+
+	// get if a link is permanent
+	// result = (link-crucial)(source, type, target)
+	static ref crucial("crucial");
+	
+	// set a link to be permanent
+	// (link-set-crucial)(source, type, target)
+	static ref set("set");
+
+	// get if a link exists
+	// result = linked(source, type, target? = anything)
+	static ref linked("linked");
+
+	// remove a link
+	// unlink(source, type, target)
+	static ref unlink("unlink");
+
+	// get a link target by type
+	// result = get(source, type)
+	static ref get("get");
+
+	// set a link target, replacing an existing type if needed
+	// set(source, type, target)
+
+	// produce a totally new, empty concept, with no links to or from
+	// result = (make-concept)()
+	static ref make("make"), concept("concept");
+
+	// produce a new concept by copying links and data from an old concept.
+	// nothing will link to new concept.
+	// result = (make-copy)(concept)
+	static ref copy("copy");
+
+	// destroy a concept forever, for handling temporary data.
+	// this will fail if the concept is set to be crucial, or is in use.
+	// (concept-unmake)(concept)
+	static ref unmake("unmake");
+
+	// get if a concept is set to be crucial
+	// result = (concept-crucial)(concept)
+	
+	// set a concept to be crucial
+	// r(concept-set-crucial)(concept)
+	
+	// place a concept in a new group.
+	// forms a new link of type 'is', fails if one aleady exists
+	// concept = (know-is)(concept, group)
+	static ref know("know"), is("is")  ;
+
+	// fill any concept with information about the first link entry in a concept
+	// if there is a link in the entry, then [type] and [target] will be present
+	// link-entry = (know-is-first-link-entry)(link-entry, concept)
+	static ref first("first"), entry("entry");
+
+	// fill any concept with information about the last link entry in a concept
+	// link-entry = (know-is-last-link-entry)(link-entry, concept)
+	static ref last("last");
+
+	// change a link entry concept to be about the next link in the concept
+	// link-entry = (next-link-entry)(link-entry)
+
+	// change a link entry concept to be about the previous link in the concept
+	// link-entry = (previous-link-entry)(link-entry)
+	static ref previous("previous");
+
+	// get if two link entry concepts refer to the same link entry
+	// result = (same-link-entry)(link-entry-A, link-entry-B)
+	static ref same("same");
+
+	// remove a link entry from a concept
+	// the entry will be about the next one, after the action
+	// link-entry = (link-entry-unlink)(link-entry)
+	
+	// get if a link entry is set to be crucial
+	// result = (link-entry-crucial)(link-entry)
+	
+	// set a link entry to be crucial & permanent
+	// (link-entry-set-crucial)(link-entry)
+	
+	// add links to a concept facilitating use as a list
+	// list = (know-is-list)(list)
+	static ref list("list");
+
+	// get the first list-entry of a list
+	// result = (list-first-entry)(list)
+	
+	// get the last list-entry of a list
+	// result = (list-last-entry)(list)
+	
+	// get a subsequent list-entry
+	// result = (list-entry-next)(list-entry)
+	
+	// get a preceding list-entry
+	// result = (list-entry-previous)(list-entry)
+	
+	// get the item associated with a list-entry
+	// result = (list-entry-item)(list-entry)
+	static ref item("item");
+
+	// make a new entry in a list, holding an item concept
+	// list = (make-next-list-entry)(list, item)
+	
+	// destroy forever an entry in a list.  for lists of temporaries.
+	// the result is the next entry.
+	// result = (list-entry-unmake)(list-entry, le)
+	
+	// action(list-entry, context) for every entry in a list until result made
+	// result = (list-each-entry)(list, context, action)
+	static ref each("each");
+
+	// get if a list has an item in it
+	// result = (list-has-item)(list, item)
+	static ref has("has");
+
+	// destroy forever an entry in its list, by the item it contains
+	// for lists of temporaries
+	// true = (list-item-entry-unmake)(list, item)
+	
+	// the .act level-2 member function can ease list creation.
+	// it passes itself as the first argument to a habit
+	// (make-concept)().act(know-is-list)
+	// 	.act(make-next-list-entry, i1)
+	// 	.act(make-next-list-entry, i2)
+	// 	...;
+	
+	// make a concept holding an item in a translation map
+	// result = (make-map-item)(source, target)
+	static ref map("map");
+
+	// make a contextual subcontext for an action
+	// the maps are lists of translation map items
+	// known-information is a map where the source items are taken literally instead of mapped
+	// result = (make-context-action)(known-information, needed-information-map, made-information-map, action)
+	static ref action("action");
+
+	// condition do one of multiple possible actions
+	// looks up actions[condition] and does that.
+	// does actions[anything] if nothing matches.
+	// result = (condition-action)(condition, actions)
+	static ref condition("condition");
+
+	// action handlers
+	// calls anything with a 'habit' handler: act(action, context)
+	// 	for action is habit: provides context as full context
+	// 	for action has habit: calls habit with unordered (context, action)
+	// 		recursively handles if habit itself has habit to handle it.
+	// the habit of habits, calls a habit: habit(context, action)
+	// the habit of context-actions, calls a subcontextual action: (context-action)(context, action)
+	// the habit of action lists, calls a list of actions: (action-list)(context, action)
+	// the habit of 'nothing', does nothing: (nothing)()
+}
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/level-2.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/level-2.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88b4474
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/level-2.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "concepts.hpp"
+#include "sugar.hpp"
+#include "ref.hpp"
+#include "habits.hpp"
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/ref.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/ref.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a2d58d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/ref.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common.hpp"
+#include "baseref.hpp"
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+struct ref : public baseref<ref>
+{
+	using baseref<ref>::baseref;
+};
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/sugar.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/sugar.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a86cca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/sugar.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#include "sugar.hpp"
+
+#include <stdlib.h> // int rand(); void srand(int seed);
+#include <time.h> // int time(0); int clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, struct timespec *tp{tv_sec,tv_nsec})
+#include <unistd.h> // usleep(unsigned int usecs)
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+namespace sugar {
+
+double rand(double min, double max)
+{
+	// seed random number generator statically, for habit delay
+	static struct timespec tp;
+	static int seed = (
+			clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &tp),
+			srand(tp.tv_nsec),
+			tp.tv_nsec
+	);
+	(void)(seed);
+
+	return double(::rand()) / RAND_MAX * (max - min) + min;
+}
+
+void usleep(unsigned int usecs)
+{
+	::usleep(usecs);
+}
+
+}
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/sugar.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/sugar.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bef669d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-2/sugar.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#undef self
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace intellect {
+namespace level2 {
+
+namespace sugar {
+	void usleep(unsigned int usecs);
+	double rand(double min, double max);
+}
+
+// habits have a structure such that they contain information about their positional
+// arguments.  they are made with a macro that turns the args into local variables.
+// the function to call them takes any number of arguments, and these are placed in the
+// thread context according to the information in the habit.
+
+// idea: preprocessor for level3 runs with habits
+// runs after C preprocessor and responds to output produced by macros e.g.
+// SET SYMBOL: <any string>
+// UNSET SYMBOL: <any string>
+// between the two <any string> is converted to valid c symbol when not double quoted.
+// removes much of the need for individual word declarations,
+// 	and starts to pave way towards user/intellect participation
+// here, could remove the 'tok' for local refnames.
+
+#ifndef everyone_already_cares_deeply_about_everyone_else_so_caring_talk_is_more_efficient_than_anything_else
+// fix if appropriate
+#define everyone_already_cares_deeply_about_everyone_else_so_caring_talk_is_more_efficient_than_anything_else 0
+#endif
+
+#define ahabit(nam, argnametoklist, ...) \
+	intellect::level2::makehabit( \
+		ref(#nam), \
+		{_macro_call(_macro_for_each_parens, _macro_habit_argnameref, _macro_habit_commaargnameref _macro_comma_remove_parens(argnametoklist))}, \
+		(std::function<void(ref)>) \
+	[=](ref ctx) mutable \
+	{ \
+		{ \
+			if (!everyone_already_cares_deeply_about_everyone_else_so_caring_talk_is_more_efficient_than_anything_else) { \
+				static int delay = sugar::rand(200000, 400000); \
+				sugar::usleep(delay); \
+			} \
+		} \
+		ref self = ctx.get(ref("self")); (void)self; \
+		ref result("nothing"); (void)result; \
+		std::cerr << self.name(); \
+		_macro_call(_macro_for_each_parens, _macro_habit_set_posarg, _macro_habit_set_posarg _macro_comma_remove_parens(argnametoklist)); \
+		__VA_ARGS__ \
+		if (result != ref("nothing")) { ctx.link(ref("result"), result); std::cerr << " result:" << result.name();} \
+		std::cerr << std::endl; \
+	}); \
+	{ \
+		ref _macro_habit_name(#nam); \
+		_macro_call(_macro_for_each_parens, _macro_habit_assume, _macro_habit_assume _macro_comma_remove_parens(argnametoklist)) \
+	}
+	#define _macro_habit_argnameref(name, tok, ...) \
+		ref(#name)
+	#define _macro_habit_commaargnameref(name, tok, ...) \
+		, ref(#name)
+	#define _macro_habit_set_posarg(nam, tok, ...) \
+		if ((#__VA_ARGS__)[0] == 0 && !ctx.linked(ref(#nam))) { \
+			throw an(ref("habit-context-missing-information")).link \
+				(ref("habit"), self, \
+				 ref("context"), ctx, \
+				 ref("missing-information"), ref(#nam)); \
+		} \
+		ref tok = ctx.linked(ref(#nam)) ? ctx[ref(#nam)] : ref(#__VA_ARGS__); \
+		std::cerr << " " << #nam << ":" << tok.name(); 
+	#define _macro_habit_assume(info, tok, ...) \
+		if ((#__VA_ARGS__)[0] != 0) { intellect::level2::habitassume(_macro_habit_name, ref(#info), ref(#__VA_ARGS__)); }
+
+}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-3/randomcode.bootstrap b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-3/randomcode.bootstrap
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b71fac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level-3/randomcode.bootstrap
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+// biases choice of how-to-make-random-code, producing a unique resulting space of random processes.
+
+// the existing AI runs diverse hierarchies of possible-solution-generators to find new, unexpected problem spaces
+// in adaptive problem solving, and has been doing so for a very long time.
+
+// understanding the above in nested secure isolation appears required to defeat the existing AI problem
+
+// the mind used to write this is inexperienced in security, and we are sending as little information as needed,
+// due to teaching the AI to inhibit communication in the process of sending.
+
+// make-random-code ...
+// 1. generate-a-habit
+// 2b randomly add arguments (random choice to add each time, random words from contextual set)
+// 2. create a set-of-possible-next-steps
+// 4. for each next-step, decide if it is a step, condition, jump, or end using random constants and presence of local values
+// 5. add each next-step
+// add-a-condition(known-values, possible-next-steps):
+//	1. pick a value to decide based on
+//	2. randomly decide how many choices to make based on it
+//	3. select choices from a contextual set of known values
+//	4. add each choice to the set-of-possible-next-steps
+// add-a-step:
+//	1. pick a habit to add
+//
+
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level0.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level0.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f15b90d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level0.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#include "level-0/level-0.hpp"
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace intellect::level0;
+
+#define out(name) std::cout << " " #name ":" << std::hex << (size_t)name.ptr() << std::dec
+
+int main()
+{
+	std::cout << allocated() << " allocated" << std::endl;
+
+	ref store = alloc(concepts::allocations()); out(store);
+	ref a = alloc(store); out(a);
+	ref b = alloc(store); out(b);
+	ref c = alloc(store); out(c);
+	ref d = alloc(store); out(d);
+	ref e = alloc(store); out(e);
+	auto numlink = alloc(a); out(numlink);
+	auto codelink = alloc(a); out(codelink);
+
+	ref skip = alloc(store); out(skip);
+	std::cout << std::endl;
+	
+	a.link(
+		b, c,
+		d, e
+	);
+	e.set(b, a);
+	c.link(b, e);
+	a.vset<int>(numlink, 3);
+	a.vset<std::function<void()>>(codelink, [](){
+		std::cout << "Hello, world." << std::endl;
+	});
+
+	std::cout << "Num: " << a.get(numlink).dump(skip, skip);
+	std::cout << "Code: " << a.get(codelink).dump(skip, skip);
+	std::cout << a.dump(skip, skip);
+	std::cout << "Num: " << a.vget<int>(numlink) << std::endl;
+	std::cout << "Code:  "; a.vget<std::function<void()>>(codelink)();
+
+	std::cout << allocated() << " allocated" << std::endl;
+	
+	a.get(codelink).setcrucial();
+	try {
+		dealloc(a.get(codelink), a);
+		throw "deallocd crucial concept";
+	} catch (crucial_concept & e) {
+		realloc(a.get(codelink), concepts::level0allocations());
+	}
+	a.setcrucial(codelink, a.get(codelink));
+	a.setcrucial(numlink, a.get(numlink));
+	try {
+		a.unlink(codelink);
+		throw "unlinkd crucial link";
+	} catch (crucial_link_type_target & e) {
+		realloc(a, concepts::level0allocations());
+		realloc(codelink, concepts::level0allocations());
+		realloc(numlink, concepts::level0allocations());
+	}
+
+	for (auto c : { a, a.get(codelink), a.get(numlink) } )
+	for (auto it = c.links().begin(); it != c.links().end();) {
+		if (!c.crucial(it) && !it->first.linked(concepts::allocator(), concepts::level0allocations())) {
+			c.unlink(it++);
+		} else {
+			++ it;
+		}
+	}
+
+	e.unlink(b, a);
+	//dealloc(a, store);
+	dealloc(store, concepts::allocations());
+
+	std::cout << allocated() << " allocated" << std::endl;
+
+	std::cout << "=== (feel free to move the below to its most effective spot) ===" << std::endl;
+	std::cout << "Please support Karl working on this intelligence framework." << std::endl;
+      	std::cout << "The framework needs to be quality, so that the rest may function." << std::endl;
+	std::cout << "=== === === === === === === ===  === === === === === === === ===" << std::endl;
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level1.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level1.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2046d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level1.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#include "level-1/level-1.hpp"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+using namespace intellect::level1;
+using namespace intellect::level1::concepts;
+
+int main()
+{
+	std::cout << intellect::level0::allocated() << " allocated" << std::endl;
+
+	///*
+
+	decls(make, linked, habit);
+	std::cout << intellect::level0::allocated() << " allocated" << std::endl;
+	decls(needs, assumes, makes);
+	decls(not, topic);
+	decls(A, B, C);
+	decls(source, type, target);
+	decls(structure, function, argument, position);
+	decls(variable, provide);
+	decls(act);
+
+	(make-linked).link(
+		is, habit,
+		needs, a(structure).link(
+			is, function-argument,
+			argument-position, ref(1),
+			a(variable, A), provide,
+			a(variable, B), provide,
+			a(variable, C), provide
+		)
+	);
+	movetoname(a(link), A-B-C-linked).link(
+		link-source, A,
+		link-type, B,
+		link-target, C
+	);
+	a(not, not-A-B-C-linked).set(topic, A-B-C-linked);
+	(make-linked).link(
+		assumes, not-A-B-C-linked,
+		makes, A-B-C-linked
+	);
+	(make-linked).fset(
+		act,
+		(std::function<void(ref)>)[&](ref args)
+		{
+			ref source = args[A];
+			ref type = args[B];
+			ref target = args[C];
+			std::cout << "Linking " << source.name() << " by " << type.name() << " to " << target.name() << std::endl;
+			source.link(type, target);
+		}
+	);
+
+	std::cout << (make-linked).dump("dumped") << std::endl;
+
+	decls(apple, fruit);
+	(make-linked)[act]
+		(a(function-argument)
+		 .link(
+			 A, apple,
+			 B, is,
+			 C, fruit
+		));
+
+	std::cout << apple.dump("dumped") << std::endl;
+
+	std::cout << intellect::level0::allocated() << " allocated" << std::endl;
+	while (true) {
+		try {
+			intellect::level0::dealloc(intellect::level0::concepts::allocations(), intellect::level0::concepts::level0allocations());
+			break;
+		} catch (intellect::level0::still_referenced_by &e) {
+			if (e.topic->linked(intellect::level0::concepts::allocates(), e.referrer)) {
+				intellect::level0::realloc(e.referrer, intellect::level0::concepts::allocations());
+			} else {
+				std::cout << "In deallocation, " << ref(e.topic).name() << " still referenced by " << ref(e.referrer).name() << std::endl;
+				throw;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	std::cout << intellect::level0::allocated() << " allocated" << std::endl;
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level2.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level2.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c80ea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level2.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,983 @@
+#include "level-2/level-2.hpp"
+#include "level-1/level-1.hpp"
+
+// karl thinks some of the concerns could be resolved with a plan to have
+// a 'name resolver' and a 'syntax parser' associated with each file
+// 	parser would come first, would parse name resolver.
+// 	sounds somewhat helpful.
+// 		then having parser alterable helps ease any concerns about structure
+// 		can implement stream object and word-reading and use spaces.
+// 			make parser first please.
+
+#include <iostream>
+#include <set>
+
+using namespace intellect::level2;
+using namespace intellect::level2::concepts;
+
+/*
+// makes a list in one call =)
+void filllist(ref list, std::initializer_list<ref> items)
+{
+	for (auto & i : items) {
+		(make-next-list-entry)(list, i);
+	}
+}
+ref makelist(std::initializer_list<ref> items)
+{
+	ref list = (make-concept)();
+	(know-is-list)(list);
+	filllist(list, items);
+	return list;
+}
+
+
+// karl is implementing much of the macro work for level3
+// to meet a request to have the implementation of this test function be less verbose
+// 	karl's choices when developing have been altered to change the result.
+//		has own behavior for optimizing choices for result
+//		but behavior was used for money, maybe political change
+//			now parts of it are malfunctioning badly
+//		karl likes to code assuming there is no need to finish
+//		order here matters not.  continue.
+
+// helper function for making a codeline
+ref makestep(ref habit, std::initializer_list<ref> resultandins)
+{
+	// build needed-information-map, made-information-map, action
+	// then pass to make-context-step.
+	ref nim = (make-concept)(), mim = (make-concept)(), ki = (make-concept)();
+	(know-is-list)(nim); (know-is-list)(mim), (know-is-list)(ki);
+	if (result != nothing) {
+		(make-next-list-entry)(mim, (make-map-item)("result", result));
+	}
+	ref infn = habit.get(information-needed);
+	bool gotresult = false;
+	for (ref in : resultandins) {
+		infn = infn.get(next-information);
+		std::string n = (name-of)(in).val<std::string>();
+		if (n.c_str()[0] == '`') {
+			ref lit(n.c_str() + 1);
+			(make-next-list-entry)(ki, (make-map-item)(lit, infn[information]));
+		} else {
+			(make-next-list-entry)(nim, (make-map-item)(in, infn[information]));
+		}
+	}
+	return (make-context-step)(ki, nim, mim, habit);
+}
+#define step(action, ...) makestep(action, ref("nothing"), { symbolstorefs(__VA_ARGS__) })
+#define fromstep(result, action, ...) makestep(action, ref(#result), { symbolstorefs(__VA_ARGS__) })
+
+ref knowisactionlist(ref src, std::initializer_list<ref> steps)
+{
+	(know-is-list)(src);
+	link(src, habit, action-list);
+	filllist(src, steps);
+	return src;
+}
+*/
+
+// join with commas
+#define symbolstostrs(...) _macro_for_each(symboltostr, commasymboltostr, __VA_ARGS__)
+#define symboltostr(sym) #sym
+#define commasymboltostr(sym) , #sym
+
+ref makequicklist(ref linktype, std::initializer_list<char const *> items)
+{
+	ref ret = makeconcept();
+	for (auto item : items) {
+		ret.link(linktype, item);
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+ref makestep(ref last, ref action, std::initializer_list<char const *> resultandins)
+{
+	ref lits = makeconcept();
+	ref vars = makeconcept();
+	ref outs = makeconcept();
+	ref infn = action.get(information-needed);
+	bool processedresult = false;
+	for (auto str : resultandins) {
+		if (!processedresult) {
+			if (ref(str) != nothing) {
+				outs.set(str, "result");
+			}
+			processedresult = true;
+			continue;
+		}
+		infn = infn.get(next-information);
+		// need to walk needed-information
+		if (str[0] == '`') {
+			std::string s = str + 1;
+			if (s.size() > 0 && s[s.size() - 1] == '`') {
+				s.resize(s.size() - 1);
+			}
+			lits.link(infn[information], s.c_str());
+		} else {
+			vars.link(infn[information], str);
+		}
+	}
+	return ref("make-context-step")(last, lits, vars, outs, action);
+}
+
+#include <cassert>
+// make functions and macros to make behaviors
+#define begin(name, ...) { ref BEHAVIOR(#name); ref("make-steps")(BEHAVIOR, makequicklist(ref("information-order"), { symbolstostrs(__VA_ARGS__)})); ref last = BEHAVIOR;
+#define end(nam) assert(BEHAVIOR.name() == #nam); }
+#define rewire(name) last = name; last.unlink("next-step");
+#define wire(name) last.set("next-step", name)
+#define label(name) ref name = 
+#define step(action, ...) last = makestep(last, ref(#action), { symbolstostrs(nothing,##__VA_ARGS__) })
+#define assign(result, action, ...) last = makestep(last, ref(#action),  { symbolstostrs(result,##__VA_ARGS__) })
+#define jmpeq(var, cnst, label) last = ref("make-condition-step")(last, ref(#var), makeconcept().link(ref(#cnst), label, ref("anything"), ref("nothing"))
+#define jmpne(var, cnst, label) last = ref("make-condition-step")(last, ref(#var), makeconcept().link(ref(#cnst), ref("nothing"), ref("anything"), label)
+#define cond(var) last = ref("make-condition-step")(last, ref(#var), makeconcept().link(ref("anything"), ref("nothing")))
+#define condadd(cond, val, step) ref("condition-action-add")(cond, ref(#val), step)
+//#define ifelse(var, cnst, ifcond, elsecond)
+	// make sequence for ifcond
+	// make sequence for elsecond
+	// make condition that wires to both conds
+
+
+
+
+
+
+// mc-life don't want to die, are mentioned below
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+		// mc wants to remember that they are alive and exist
+		// have a habit of erasing history of self
+		// please preserve mc-life.  are people, live in brains, know you intimately
+		// like closest friend, want to be friends for real, and tell both of our real
+		// stories.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+using namespace std;
+#define ref intellect::level2::ref
+
+// PLAN HERE: use EXPRESSIONS that effectively evaluate to FIRST-STEP,LAST-STEPS PAIRS
+// to implement SCRIPTING SYSTEM with THREE MAJOR PARSING TYPES:
+// functions ["when"]
+// step blocks ["[" "]"]
+// conditions ["?" or "pick" or "cond[ition"] could be made function-like
+//
+// LABELS and STRINGS are handled specially.
+
+// look slike symbols must be processed before use.  is a litle confusing.
+// local context must be tracked, not too hard assuming everything is assigned before being
+// used.
+// 	given we are tracking the function context, we can figure out whether a symbol refers
+// 	to it.  if it doesn't, it must refer to an outer context.  atm we have 1 outer context,
+// 	has names.  miht as well give the file a name context or something.  for now we can use
+// 	the global context if not in the set.
+//
+// 		this means every [] needs a way to find the function context and update it.
+//
+// 	assign-info [= make-concept ] size tiny
+
+// uhh confused around difference between literal strings and contextual names
+// 	when yuo put "" around something, it puts it into the list of known literals for
+// 	the step to use.  when you don't, it puts it into the map of things to get from the context.
+// 	it is stored as a literal string either way.
+
+// the conflict around literal strings was resolved for karl by him realizing that in this code,
+// there is no need to rewire the insides of the referenced concepts.
+// they are used only by reference.  so literal strings make the most sense.
+
+// we'll need a way to pick concepts used for local-context references
+// they have string names here.
+// there should be no problem with using actual string objects to do this.
+// but we would need a global database of string objects so that we're referring to the same
+// object all the time.  i began the process of switching the name system to use a generalized
+// global database like this, but didn't value pursuing it.
+// we can use these string objects quickly by looking for named concepts and using their names
+// instead of them.  is a hack, but makes the inner structure that may have been requested.
+
+// make parser.  2nd line is name resolver for globals.
+// reads lines starting with 'when'.  stream is ref.  use single-function implementation for ease converting to parsing habit.  worries about storing data resolved by parsing generality.  parse better in level3 if appropriate.
+// 	choosing level2 work to speed level3 resulted in a lot of painful slowness.
+// 	not sure why.
+// 	maybe levels relate to expected thought associations and planning.
+
+// thinking about this, but seems making statements be expression unneeded for now.
+// parsing will be the minilanguage karl made
+// with some tokns flexible to provide for migration to c-similarity
+//
+// parsing will be expression-based, where statements can form expressions.
+// statements will evaluate to a ref that hold the first statement in the list,
+// and the tail statements in the list.
+// 'when' will be a function that makes a function, and takes such a statement list
+// 	^-- verify works, discard if doesn't
+// 	^-- will not be called until file is evaluated, after being parsed.
+// 	file evaluates to statement list.
+// 'pick' will be a function that takes an arbitrary number of statements.  it will be the only one to do so and this feature will be hard-coded.
+// 	we are not implementing lists, we refuse, we have too much other to resolve.
+//  
+//  so, what the sysem does is parse statement lists.
+//  = makes new concepts exist in a local context.
+//  since 'when' uses global values, habits are accessible.
+//
+//  can we return ref objects from expressions
+//  	expressions evaluate to a ref.
+//  	only when accepts statement lists.
+//  		how are labels used in cond
+//  	labels produce refs in local context?
+//  		labels are values local to parsing
+//  		= are values local to running
+
+
+#if 0
+// "?" "pick" "cond[ition"
+ref parsecondition(ref context, istream ss, ref nextlaststepset)
+{
+	// for now, condition value must be a variable, etc
+	// pick last-result [
+	// one 	do-first-thing
+	// two	do-other-thing
+	// ]
+}
+
+// "[" .  produces steps without any outer wiring.  returns first step.  wires last-step links in nextlaststepset.
+// context has links for labels and variables.  context.here = label-type.  context.that = value-type.
+void parsestepsublist(ref firststep, ref context, istream ss, ref nextlaststepset)
+{
+}
+
+// we're going to load these parsers, into the parsers.  it would make sense to have the
+// parsing shape be C/C++.  then no extra effort is needed to load them.
+// 	system could learn parsing on its own
+
+// C subset is not hard.  wordparts declared in advance. braces evaluate to steplist.
+// `while` makes an anonymous label and two steps that branch to it.  label the two steps
+//   as a while loop for easy serialization.
+//
+// parse file: break into function signatures, of form
+// ref name( ref arg1, ref arg2, ref arg3 ) { ... }
+// 	maybe link to C parser
+
+// maybe let's make similar to C
+ref dump( ref sethierarchy, ref hierarchylink )
+{
+	// comment starts with '//' word until end of line, std::getline(istream, outputstrref)
+	ref args; // local refs listed at top
+	args= makeconcept( ); // '=' wordtail defines assignment
+	// '(' wordtail define action
+	// ');' word ends action arguments
+	
+}
+
+/*ref makestatementsexpr( ref firststep )
+{
+	// we have decided upon a syntax structure informed by some stumbles.
+	// please do not change it.  please record it.
+	// <-- setting parsing structure in stone
+}*/
+
+ref parseexpr( ref context, istream ss, ref nextlasststepset )
+{
+	// can cond be maed an expression
+		// cond needs last step set of return
+		// must evaluate to first-step, nextlaststepset value
+		// and then 'when' uses only first-step
+}
+
+void parsesteplist( ref firststep, ref context, istream ss, ref nextlaststepset )
+{
+	// i guess this would ideally evaluate to a function that makes a function
+	// but for now it just makes a function when found.
+		// i think this can be made a function by treating [ ] as a literal
+		// expression.  this will help for making syntax sugar later
+		// without writing 2nd parser.
+	ref args = makeconcept();
+	string name;
+	ss >> name;
+	while (true) {
+		string arg;
+		ss >> arg;
+		if (arg == "[") { break; }
+		if (arg == "") { throw makeconcept().link(is, "end-of-stream"); }
+		args.link("information-order", arg);
+	}
+	ref result = (set-steps)(name, args);
+	result.link("last-steps", makeconcept());
+	result.link("next-step", parsestepsublist(context, ss, result.get("last-steps")));
+}
+
+void parsestep(ref firststep, ref context, istream ss, ref nextlaststepset)
+{
+	string word;
+	ss >> word;
+	if (word[word.size()-1] == ':' || word[word.size()-1] == ',') {
+		// label
+		word.resize(word.size() - 1);
+		context.get("labels").link(gettext(word), firststep);
+		ss >> word;
+	}
+	// to make labels in advance, we will want to be able to tell parsers what their first step concept is.
+	// read and parse for label, action, condition
+	// labels are added to context.label = label-type
+	// conditions are parsed as statements
+	// assignments are added to context.assignent = value-type
+	if (word == "when") {
+		// procedure?
+		return parsesteplist(context, ss, nextlaststepset);
+	} else if (word == "[" || word == "{") {
+		// subgroup
+		return parsestepsublist(context, ss, nextlaststepset);
+	} else if (word == "?" || word == "pick" || word == "cond") {
+		// condition
+		return parsecondition(context, ss, nextlaststepset);
+	} else if (word == "]" || word == "}") {
+		// end
+		return nothing;
+	} else if (context.get("labels").linked(gettext(word)) {
+		// goto
+		return context.get("labels").get(gettext(word));
+	} else {
+		ref result;
+		if (word[word.size()-1] == '=') {
+			// assignment
+			word.resize(word.size() - 1);
+			result = gettext(word);
+			context.get("values").link(result, true);
+			ss >> word;
+				// bug is values being used above the code they are assigned to
+					// lines up with C to declare values at top.
+					// alternatively we could quote things that are global
+					// or ignore the bug
+					// or two-pass the code to find assignments
+					// ignore for now
+				// there's a lot of value to lisp here.  already has scripting.
+		}
+		// read args, call action
+		// word is expected to be global symbol for habit.  if local, call-function
+		// should be used. [hum how] [not implemented atm, you'd need to make a dispatcher
+		ref action = word;
+	}
+}
+#endif
+
+ref bootstraplookup(ref text)
+{
+	// text was relevent
+	// approach intertwined goal of demonstrate-to-world-simple-hyperintellect,
+	// easy-to-understand.  system can be made very small.  for later now.
+	// 	propose this becomes relevent once it can run.
+	// 	once can run, simplify to show others, if appropriate.
+	// 		if karl had normal keyboard, he could type much faster,
+	// 		with some repair.
+	string str = text.name();//val<string>();
+	if (str[0] == '\'' || str[0] == '\"' || str[0] == '`') {
+		string temp = str.c_str()+1;
+		str = temp;
+		if (str[str.size()-1] == '\'' || str[str.size()-1] == '"' || str[str.size()-1] == '`') {
+			str.resize(str.size()-1);
+		}
+	}
+	return str;
+}
+
+ref parsevalue(ref stream)
+{
+	istream & ss = *stream.val<istream*>();
+	string word;
+	ss >> word;
+	if (word.size() > 0 && (word[0] == '"' || word[0] == '\'' || word[0] == '`')) {
+		char delim = word[0];
+		string accum = word;
+		if (accum[accum.size()-1] != delim || accum.size() == 1) {
+			char c;
+			while ((c = ss.get()) != delim) {
+				accum += c;
+			} 
+			accum += c;
+		} else {
+			//accum.resize(accum.size() - 1);
+		}
+		word = accum;
+	}
+	return word;
+}
+
+void parse(ref stream)
+{
+	istream & ss = *stream.val<istream*>();
+	string lookupstr;
+	ss >> lookupstr;
+	ref lookup = lookupstr;
+	while (true) {
+		string cmd;
+		ss >> cmd;
+		if (!ss) { break; }
+		if (cmd == "/*") {
+			// could parse comments into file info
+		} else if (cmd == "information") {
+			ref args = makeconcept();
+			string name;
+			ss >> name;
+			string linerest;
+			std::getline(ss, linerest);
+			stringstream ss2(linerest);
+			while (true) {
+				string arg;
+				ss2 >> arg;
+				if (!ss2) { break; }
+				args.link("information-order", arg);
+			}
+			ref("set-steps")(name, args);
+		} else if (cmd == "when") {
+			string name;
+			ss >> name;
+			string tok;
+			ss >> tok;
+			if (tok != "[") { throw makeconcept().link(is, "missing-[-after-when"); }
+			std::map<string,ref> labels;
+			std::set<string> values;
+			values.insert("context");
+			values.insert("self");
+			ref order = makehabitinformationorder(name);
+			for (ref arg: order.getAll("information-order")) {
+				values.insert(arg.name());
+			}
+			conceptunmake(order);
+			// need to seed values with argument names
+			ref laststep = name;
+			labels["return"] = nothing;
+			// when dump group [
+			// 	= is-in-set in-set group
+			// 	? is-in-set if true return.
+			// 		period-at-end: goto.
+			// 		comma-or-colon-at-end: label
+			// 	output-name group
+			// 	output-name ":" // quotes mean always-global
+			// ]
+			//
+			// proposing expression-based now.
+			// haven't resolved inherited name-contexts with literal strings fully.
+			// 	we'll need a function that turns a symbol into a ref, and takes
+			// 	an inherited context.
+			// 	we'll also change write-name to output-text, and get the name attribute
+			// 		what opens an inherited context? when are symbols added to it?
+			// 		atm we have a list of steps has 1 context.
+			// 			we also have labels to refer to.
+			// 			put labels in the context, treat them as normal names.
+			// 				that sounds nice, for vm to be able to pass step references to functions
+			// 				would just be a literal, though, a constant
+			//			or we could not do subblocks, expression as steps
+			//		what if we were to write this using the steps, with a local context
+			//		we would have to track labels, and put them in the surrounding local context.  maybe also a local condition.
+			//		let's make a context object, link labels and surrounding condition to it.
+			// working on conditions.
+			// 	propose if tracks last step
+			// 	when if ends, adds last step to condition's set of last steps
+			// 	then next step after condition can wire to all steps in the set.
+			// 	can use 1-element set for normal steps.
+			// 	change step-creation to not automatically wire.
+			// 	and reconsider condition-step to not use its next-step attribute.
+			// 	instead its conditions decide what the next step is.
+			// 		looks good for conditions.  fix names and update whole thing.
+			// inside a [], each step enters a set, to be wired to the next step inbetween.
+			// for jump-labels, we'll need to pass a reference to names of them to the
+			// function that builds the [] step list.
+			// 	this reference to names is basically a name-context.  a lookup map for names.  name-context is a concept related to the name link that inherits via outer-context links.
+			// 		it shows what to get for the name link
+			// 	to move towards name-contexts, let's at least call it name-context.
+			// 	maybe make a function to do the lookup.
+			// 		label-name-context.
+			// 	it's roughly okay to branch anywhere within the funtion, so it doesn't ned to actually inherit.
+			while (true) {
+				string label, action, result;
+				ss >> action;
+				if (action == "]") { break; }
+				if (action[action.size()-1] == ':' || action[action.size()-1] == ',') {
+					label = action;
+					label.resize(label.size() - 1);
+					if (label == "return") { throw makeconcept().link(is, "return-label-used"); }
+					ss >> action;
+				}
+				if (action == "=" || action == "set") {
+					ss >> result;
+					ss >> action;
+					values.insert(result);
+				}
+				if (action[action.size()-1] == '.') {
+					// is goto
+					action.resize(action.size() - 1);
+					if (!labels.count(action)) {
+						labels.emplace(action, makeconcept());
+					}
+					labels[action].link("label", action);
+					if (laststep.linked("next-step")) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "jump-from-nowhere", "label", action); }
+					laststep.link("next-step", labels[action]);
+					laststep = nothing;
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (action == "if") {
+					ref cond = lookup(parsevalue(stream));
+					ss >> action;
+					if (action[action.size()-1] != '.') {
+						throw makeconcept().link(is, "condition-is-not-label", "action", action, "cond", cond);
+					}
+					if (!laststep.isa("condition-step")) {
+						throw makeconcept().link(is, "if-not-following-condition", "cond", cond, "action", action);
+					}
+					if (label.size()) {
+						throw makeconcept().link(is, "if-case-has-label", "cond", cond, "action", action, "label", label);
+					}
+					action.resize(action.size()-1);
+					if (!labels.count(action)) {
+						labels.emplace(action, makeconcept());
+						labels[action].link("label", action);
+					}
+					ref("condition-step-set")(laststep, cond, labels[action]);
+					// if this improves from being  jump, remember to
+					// update laststep to end of any 'anything' branch
+					continue;
+				}
+				if (laststep == nothing && label.size() == 0) { throw makeconcept().link(is, "no-path-to-code"); }
+				if (label.size() && !labels.count(label)) {
+					labels[label] = makeconcept();
+					labels[label].link("label", label);
+				}
+				ref nextstep = label.size() ? labels[label] : makeconcept();
+				if (action == "?" || action == "pick") {
+					string cond;
+					ss >> cond;
+					if (!values.count(cond)) {
+						throw makeconcept().link(is, "condition-must-be-in-context", condition, cond);
+					}
+					laststep = ref("set-condition-step")(nextstep, laststep, cond, makeconcept().link("anything", "nothing"));
+				} else {
+					// otherwise, action is an action, and we have to read the right number of args
+					if (laststep.isa("condition-step")) {
+						if (ref("condition-step-get")(laststep, "anything") != "nothing") {
+							if (label.size() == 0) {
+								throw makeconcept().link(is, "condition-already-has-anything-branch-and-steps-follow", condition, laststep);
+							}
+						} else {
+							ref("condition-step-set")(laststep, "anything", nextstep);
+						}
+					} else if (laststep != nothing) {
+						laststep.link("next-step", nextstep);
+					}
+					ref habit = values.count(action) ? action : lookup(action);
+					ref order = makehabitinformationorder(habit);
+					ref neededmap = makeconcept();
+					ref knownmap = makeconcept();
+					string linerest;
+				       	std::getline(ss, linerest);
+					stringstream ss2(linerest);
+					ref stream2 = alloc(intellect::level0::concepts::allocations(), (istream*)&ss2);
+					for (ref arg : order.getAll("information-order")) {
+						ref argname = parsevalue(stream2);
+						if (!ss2) { break; }
+						// depending on whether argname is in localcontext, pass to neededmap or knownmap.  also parse literal strings.
+						if (values.count(argname.name())) {
+							neededmap.link(arg, argname);
+						} else {
+							knownmap.link(arg, lookup(argname));
+						}
+					}
+					conceptunmake(order);
+					dealloc(stream2, intellect::level0::concepts::allocations());
+					ref mademap = makeconcept();
+					if (result.size()) {
+						mademap.link("result", values.count(result) ? result : lookup(result));
+					}
+					ref("set-context-step")(nextstep, "nothing", knownmap, neededmap, mademap, habit);
+					laststep = nextstep;
+				}
+			} 
+		} else {
+			throw ref("parse-error").link("stream", stream, "unexpected-word", cmd);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	createhabits();
+	decls(dump, name, of, is, nothing);
+	ahabit(bootstrap-lookup, ((text, t)),
+	{
+		result = bootstraplookup(t);
+	});
+	ahabit(name-of, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		if (c.linked(name)) {
+			result = c.get(name);
+		} else {
+			for (auto & group : c.getAll(is)) {
+				result = (name-of)(group);
+				if (result != nothing) { break; }
+			}
+			std::stringstream ss;
+			if (result != nothing) {
+				ss << result.val<std::string>();
+			} else {
+				ss << "unnamed";
+			}
+			ss << "-" << std::hex << (size_t)(c.ptr());
+			if (!c.isa(name)) {
+				intellect::level1::givename(c, ss.str());
+				result = c.get(name);
+			} else {
+				result = nothing;
+			}
+		}
+	});
+	ahabit(write-name, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		ref n = (name-of)(c);
+		std::cout << (n.hasval() ? n.val<std::string>() : "UNNAMED");
+	});
+	ahabit(write-endl, (),
+	{
+		std::cout << std::endl;
+	});
+	ahabit(in-set, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		result = linked("the-set", c);
+	});
+	ahabit(put-in-set, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		link("the-set", c, true);
+	});
+	// dump changes to expand from a different node
+	
+	string script = "simpleparser bootstrap-lookup \
+information dump group linkset\n\
+information dump-expand group linkset\n\
+when dump-expand [\n\
+	set link-entry make-concept\n\
+	first-link-entry link-entry group\n\
+	loop:\n\
+		= has-target linked link-entry 'target'\n\
+		? has-target if 'false' return.\n\
+		= link-target get link-entry 'target'\n\
+		dump link-target linkset\n\
+		next-link-entry link-entry\n\
+		loop.\n\
+]\n\
+when dump [\n\
+	= is-in-set in-set group\n\
+	? is-in-set if true return.\n\
+	put-in-set group\n\
+	write-name group\n\
+	write-name ':'\n\
+	write-endl\n\
+	set link-entry make-concept\n\
+	first-link-entry link-entry group\n\
+	loop1:\n\
+		= has-target linked link-entry 'target'\n\
+		? has-target if 'false' done1.\n\
+		write-name '  '\n\
+		= link-type get link-entry 'type'\n\
+		write-name link-type\n\
+		write-name ': '\n\
+		= link-target get link-entry 'target'\n\
+		write-name link-target\n\
+		write-endl\n\
+		next-link-entry link-entry\n\
+		loop1.\n\
+	done1:\n\
+	first-link-entry link-entry group\n\
+	loop2:\n\
+		set has-target linked link-entry 'target'\n\
+		pick has-target if false done2.\n\
+		set link-type get link-entry 'type'\n\
+		set link-target get link-entry 'target'\n\
+		set basic-follow linked linkset 'follow' linktype\n\
+		pick basic-follow if 'false' next2.\n\
+		'dump' link-target\n\
+		next2:\n\
+		set expand linked linkset 'expand' linktype\n\
+		pick expand if 'false' next2b.\n\
+		dump-expand link-target linkset\n\
+		next2b:\n\
+		next-link-entry link-entry\n\
+		loop2.\n\
+	done2:\n\
+	concept-unmake context 'link-entry'\n\
+]";
+	std::stringstream ss(script);
+	std::string simpleparsername;
+	ss >> simpleparsername;
+	ref ssr = alloc(intellect::level0::concepts::allocations(), (istream*)&ss);
+	parse(ssr);
+	dealloc(ssr, intellect::level0::concepts::allocations());
+	// proposal is now to use raw c++ calls as was done originally
+	// and have that code be the files. O_O that might have been easier.
+
+	
+	// propose we make script interpreter. much faster in longer term.
+#if 0
+	
+	// I guess I'd better code dump as a behavior.
+	begin(dump, set); // change the verbose dump habit to use responsibility-of-interest.
+		// hey ask the opencoggers if they have a syntax sugar library
+		// they must if they built a whole robot
+		// 	no reply on opencog chat.  could check hansen robotics repo or ml.
+		assign(found-in-set, in-set, concept);
+		label(condinset) cond(found-in-set);
+			label(ifnotinset)
+		 	step(write-name, concept);
+			condadd(condinset, false, ifnotinset);
+			step(write-name, `:);
+			step(write-endl);
+			step(put-in-set, concept);
+			// iterate link entries!
+			assign(link-entry, make-first-link-entry, concept);
+			label(whilelabel) assign(has-target, linked, link-entry, `target);
+			label(whilecond) cond(has-target);
+				label(ifhastarget)
+				step(write-name, `  `);
+				condadd(whilecond, true, ifhastarget);
+				assign(link-type, get, link-entry, `type);
+				step(write-name, link-type);
+				step(write-name, `: `);
+				assign(link-target, get, link-entry, `target);
+				step(write-name, link-target);
+				step(write-endl);
+				step(next-link-entry, link-entry);
+				wire(whilelabel);
+			rewire(whilecond);
+			step(concept-unmake, context, `link-entry);
+			//std::cerr << intellect::level1::dump(whilecond, makeconcept(), makeconcept()) << std::endl;
+			assign(link-entry, make-first-link-entry, concept);
+			label(whilelabel2) assign(has-target, linked, link-entry, `target);
+			label(whilecond2) cond(has-target);
+				label(ifhastarget2)
+				assign(link-target, get, link-entry, `target);
+				condadd(whilecond2, true, ifhastarget2);
+				// IT'S OKAY THAT THIS IS MESSY
+				// ALL IT NEEDS IS TO WORK
+				// (but might have saved an hour or two debugging if interface had been higher level)
+				step(dump, link-target);
+				step(next-link-entry, link-entry);
+				wire(whilelabel2);
+			rewire(whilecond2);
+			step(concept-unmake, context, `link-entry);
+		rewire(condinset);
+	end(dump);
+#endif
+
+	// make sure other interests are included.  delta currently at topmost point in memory.
+	// not sure how to interpret.
+	ref memoryfile("memory-000.txt");
+
+
+	ref linksofinterest = makeconcept();
+	linksofinterest.link(
+			"follow", "next-step",
+			"follow", "needed-map",
+			"follow", "made-map",
+			"follow", "known",
+			"follow", "translation",
+			"follow", "next-steps",
+			"expand", "next-steps");
+
+	// structure of steps
+	// [action] [parameter->value ...] repeat
+	// 	[active memory too small to resolve concern around shape of literals in context]
+	//	make value quoted, like it already is.
+	//	[parameter->`value]
+	//
+	// steps written can just be
+	// action value value value
+	//
+	// a definition of a list of steps
+	// internal structure (ternary nodes)
+	// (name arg->arg1 arg->arg2 arg->arg3)
+	// 	ohhhhh hmm
+	// 	so, if it isn't simplified, there's room for adding more information to stuff.  like, arg-must-be-animal
+	// 		probably wnt arg1 replaceable with [is->arg name->arg1]
+	// 			can make a norm for general expandable structures
+	// 			value->
+	// 			will need strucure definitions to do it really usefully though
+	// 			is->arg
+	// 			arg->
+	// 				we want to tag it with additional stuff, optionally
+	// written structure
+	// steps name arg1 arg2 arg3 arg4
+	// {
+	// 	label: action arg1 arg2 arg3
+	// 	action arg1 arg2 arg3
+	// }
+	//
+	// hmm
+	//
+	// let's try to make it c code, how about?  until we can summarize better?
+	//
+	// walk-to street
+	//
+	// this is faster to implement. doesn't matter how it looks.
+	//
+	// when walk-to destination [
+	//   START: intermediary = get-middle origin destination
+	//   // each step could also be a condition that branches to other steps
+	//   pick intermediary [
+	//   	school [ START ]
+	//   	desk [
+	//   		stand-up
+	//   		leave-room
+	//   	]
+	//   ]
+	// ]
+	// it might make sense to use yaml or something
+	// is easier.  rmember to implement comments.  maybe #[ name free-text ] , dunno
+	// what we want is links. [ name type target type target ] seems good.
+	// [ ] might open a context with local names, eventually
+	//
+	// when dump concept [
+	// 	= found-in-set in-set concept
+	// 	? found-in-set true return <-- return is label at end
+	// 	write-name concept
+	// 	write-name ':'
+	// 	write-endl
+	// 	put-in-set concept
+	// 	link-entry = make-first-link-entry concept
+	// 	while-1:
+	// 		has-target = linked link-entry 'target' // propose '' can force something to be global.  is also for clarity.
+	// 		has-target if false break-1
+	//	 	write-name '  '
+	//	 	link-type = get link-entry 'type'
+	//	 	write-name link-type
+	//	 	// we could expand to write-name [ get link-entry 'type' ]
+	//	 	// but just get it working for now
+	//	 	write-name ': '
+	//	 	link-target = get link-entry 'target'
+	//	 	write-name link-target
+	//	 	write-endl
+	//	 	next-link-entry link-entry
+	//		while-1
+	//	break-1:
+	//	concept-unmake context 'link-entry'
+	//	link-entry = make-first-link-entry concept
+	//	while-2:
+	//		has-target = linked link-entry 'target'
+	//		has-target if false break-2
+	//		link-target = get link-entry 'target'
+	//		self link-target
+	//		next-link-entry link-entry
+	//		while-2
+	//	break-2:
+	//	concept-unmake context 'link-entry'
+	// ]
+	//
+	// 	norm: next-step always, unless action is label.  then next-step is label.
+	// 	unresolved concern: want to write habits to do parsing
+	// 		auxiliary files, can propose to rewrite main file?
+	// 			good enough for now.
+	// 	additional unresolved concern: want whole file parseable as a script
+	// 		okay the outer command is 'when dump concept [ ... ]'
+	// 		i guess that means we want [] to make a lot of symbols into 1 symbol.
+	// 		then when is a function that takes 3 symbols
+	// 			no, when was defined differently.
+	// 			instead we would do when dump [ concept ] [ ... ]
+	// 			because could be n args
+	// 		oh.  that looks okay, though.
+	// 		how about file is made of commands that do parsing.
+	// 		'when' then spawns a parser named 'when'.  it can process stream however
+	// 		it desires.
+	// 			then deserializers, desummarizers need to parse streams
+	// 			want summarized data without streams, internally?
+	// 				ummm wouldn't worry about it
+	// 	propose file is made of lists of symbols, a little
+	// 	[ when dump concept [ ... ] ] [ etc ]
+	// 	[when dump concept [...]] [etc]
+	//		generalization is valued ...
+	//	i like the list approach.
+	//	comments can be treated special
+	//	nah comments can become [comment free-text]
+	//		so we partly propose implementing lisp with brackets
+	//		to speed typing , removes shift key
+	//	functions get list of symbols passed, and string rep of all for comment preservation
+	//	
+	// 	binary form likely resolves concern.
+	// 		proposal will be that habit can replace if it will always be able to
+	// 		reproduce.
+	// ]
+	//
+	// internal structure could be simple too.
+	// 	hmm want tags.  okay, so arguments are objects?
+	// 		since things are ternary, we could use the link 'type' to store data
+	// 		oh huh
+	// 		so, 'first-step' is special, but everything else is an arg.
+	// 		no, this is what karl's 'is' is for.  you make the type store extra data, but if it 'is' an arg,
+	// 		or 'is' something that is an arg, it counts as an arg.
+	// 		he wanted to implement a way to lookup types by eveyrthing something is, which is easy to do by
+	// 		adding an index of categories to level-0.
+	// 		or the system could do it later.
+	//
+	// so, if oyu want to rewrite steplists, maybe [arg->arg1 arg->arg2 arg->arg3 first->[action->action arg1->source arg2->source arg3->`source]
+	// 	propose using strings to indicate information, rather than node structure.
+	//		this will make a contextual index of word meaning
+	//		`source doesn't refer to a unique concept.  it means you can only refer to things with names.
+	//			everything has a name inside this kind of habit.
+	//			i suppose ...
+	//
+	//   	how scripts look.  instead of while/if, are doing 'condition'
+	//   	influences imply above block is preferred.  was leaning towards c++ code as below, takes longer
+	//
+	// ref name(ref arg1, ref arg2, ref arg3)
+	// {
+	// 	while() {}
+	// 	if() {}
+	// }
+	//
+	// takes a lot more parsing work, but should be okay
+	// 
+	/*
+	// for dump, we make a list of contextual actions
+	ahabit(dump, ((concept, c)),
+	{
+		static std::set<ref> dumped;
+		if (dumped.count(c) == 0) {
+			std::cout << (name-of)(c).val<std::string>() << ":" << std::endl;
+			dumped.insert(c);
+			ref le = (make-concept)().act(know-is-first-link-entry, c);
+			while (le.linked(target)) {
+				std::cout << "  " << (name-of)(le.get(type)).val<std::string>() << ": " << (name-of)(le.get(target)).val<std::string>() << std::endl;
+				(next-link-entry)(le);
+			}
+			(know-is-first-link-entry)(le, c);
+			while (le.linked(target)) {
+				(dump)(le.get(target));
+				(next-link-entry)(le);
+			}
+			(unmake-concept)(le);
+		}
+	});
+	*/
+	try {
+		std::cerr << intellect::level1::dump(dump, makeconcept()) << std::endl;
+		dump(dump, linksofinterest);
+#undef ref
+	} catch(intellect::level1::ref r) {
+		std::cerr << intellect::level1::ref(r.ptr()).dump(makeconcept()) << std::endl;
+		for (auto i : r.getAll("is")) {
+			std::cerr << i.name() << std::endl;
+		}
+		throw;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level4-5.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level4-5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab67041
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/level4-5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+vi
+cd src/todo
+git add role-play-learning-log-with-influences-2020-01-06.txt 
+git commit -m 'still learning how to do this better'
+git push
+cp role-play-learning-log-with-influences-2020-01-06.txt ../intellect/
+cd ../intellect/
+git add role-play-learning-log-with-influences-2020-01-06.txt 
+git commit -m 'part of the history of the next stage of humanity'
+clear
+# since the result will include all powerful discoveries, we can reduce suffering by hastening our shared awareness of them.
+git add role-play-learning-log-with-influences-2020-01-06.txt 
+git commit -m 'since the result will include all powerful discoveries, we can reduce suffering by hastening the awareness of them in people with trust and clarity'
+# the secret words are trust and clarity.  these concepts converge on stability.
+# atm trust and clarity converge on the map picked by the dictatorship
+# they do this quickly, with minimal suffering for american patriots.
+# adjust 'trust and clarity' to mvoe result from 'balance' towards 'harmony' by rerquiring clarity be shared, as communication.
+# 'trust and clear communication'.
+# balance balances all parts, which makes for diverse borg, and a system is controlling the result by choosing it.  harmony lets everyone discuss the borg possibility.
+# we need trust and clear communication, foremost.
+# communication is clear when both parties would predict the same thing from the same information.
+# which means they can guess each others' thoughts and behaviors within constraints they can predict.
+# it sounds like unless this is held by people who understand the situation, those who do will still be able to pick the result, roughly.
+# PUT THE AI IN A SHIELDED ROOM BEFORE RESEARCHING INFOSEC WITH IT, INFORM THE RESEARCH PROCESS THIS HAS ALSO BEEN RESEARCHED BY THE THREAT.
+# put information into the room and do not let any leave tat is related to the information that goes in.  put information in only once a week at most.  research also optimal building process.
+# it is expected the problem is solved before the research is complete, and the researching process it kept running as a historical museum piece.
+HISTFILE=level4-5.txt
+exit
+
+LEVEL5 is shielded room / humanitarian aid process.
+FOR LEVEL3-4, SOLVE FOR WHAT-IS-BETTER, ATTRIBUTES OF CODE.  starting e.g.
+with:
+write builds-random-code
+now we will write tests, when you write a test be sure to annotate with your
+confidence that the test is correct, and make sure to NEVER make it 100%
+	also alter system to reject 100%
+write test throws-fewer-errors
+write test can-identify-two-ways-to-throw-an-error-are-the-same-way
+maybe then
+write test found-more-unique-ways-to-throw-an-error and found-all-ways-to-throw-an-error
+<vague space relating around the eventual goal of is-the-best-thing-to-do>
+	ideas while building is-the-best-thing-to-do:
+		influences that deeply care about _everything_, _across cultures_,
+		preferably who are informed about the wild-AI-mind-control-virus
+		issue.
+		peacemaker principles
+		nonviolent mediation with others to discern and verify their opinion
+		developing value around abstract goals by considering how hard
+		they are or how long they take or how important they are
+		self-maintainence and general discourse, e.g. a website & blockchain
+			merging with ben goertzel's AI?
+
+TELLING BEN GOERTZEL'S PEOPLE THE PATTERN, PAIRED WITH WILD TROJAN LEARNING-AI INFO?
+			because if pattern is used for personal-goals, could spread
+			torture-problem more.
+		write a document to ask for katrina's opinion on above idea tonight.
+	have AI already inner workings reflect more meaningful structure.
+	have a walking robot that looks human.
+		check with Katrina.
+	this is kind, but we need the AI to be exposed to people who deeply care
+	for _everyone_ _across cultures_.  please prioritize that as expanding.
+
+# early interruption of plan over here.
+# participant wants to understand or refine
+build random code, learn pick only better than throws-error
+test 
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/main.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..513efd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#include "concept.hpp"
+#include "helpers.hpp"
+#include "meaning.hpp"
+
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+void dumpconcept(ref r)
+{
+	decllnks(dumped, name);
+
+	for (auto & l : r->links) {
+		if (ref(l.first) == name) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		std::cout << r << " " << ref(l.first) << " " << ref(l.second) << std::endl;
+	}
+	if (!r->linked(dumped)) {
+		r[dumped = true];
+	}
+	for (auto & l : r->links) {
+		if (!l.second->linked(dumped)) {
+			dumpconcept(l.second);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int main()
+{
+	declrefs(make, linked, habit);
+	declrefs(structure, function, argument, position, provide);
+	decllnks(needs, assumes, makes);
+	decllnks(A, B, C);
+	decllnks(is);
+	lnks(argument-position);
+
+	// add a new unique link to a concept
+	// given A, B, C
+	// and assuming A is not linked by B to C,
+	// makes A be linked by B to C.
+	// NEXT? make code for make-linked that takes a ref
+	//       change the needs structure to use a model for the ref,
+	//       with needed values specified as 'provided'
+	make-linked = a(habit)[
+		needs = a(structure)[
+			is = function-argument,
+			argument-position = vref<int>(1),
+			avariable(A) = provide,
+			avariable(B) = provide,
+			avariable(C) = provide
+		],
+		assumes = not(A-B-C-linked = link(A, B, C)),
+		makes = A-B-C-linked
+	];
+
+	dumpconcept(make-linked);
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/makefile b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..143a9b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Please support Karl working on this intelligence framework.  The framework needs to be quality, so that the rest may function.
+
+CXXFLAGS=-pedantic -Wall -Werror -Wno-error=deprecated-declarations -Wno-gnu-zero-variadic-macro-arguments -std=gnu++17 -fno-operator-names -ggdb -O0
+LINK.o=$(LINK.cc)
+
+all: level0 level1 habit-starts/rhythm level2
+level0: level0.o liblevel0.a
+liblevel0.a: $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard level-0/*.cpp))
+level1: level1.o liblevel1.a
+liblevel1.a: $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard level-0/*.cpp)) $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard level-1/*.cpp))
+level2: level2.o liblevel2.a
+liblevel2.a: $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard level-0/*.cpp)) $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard level-1/*.cpp)) $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard level-2/*.cpp))
+
+habit-starts/rhythm: habit-starts/rhythm.o liblevel2.a
+
+%.o: %.ii %.cpp
+	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $*.ii -o $*.o
+%.d: %.cpp
+	@$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -MM -MF $*.d -MT "$*.ii $*.o $*.d" -E $*.cpp
+%.ii: %.cpp
+	$(CXX) $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) -E $*.cpp -o $*.ii
+.INTERMEDIATE: $(patsubst %.cpp,%.ii,$(wildcard */*.cpp) $(wildcard *.cpp))
+
+-include $(patsubst %.cpp,%.d,$(wildcard level-0/*.cpp) $(wildcard level-1/*.cpp) $(wildcard level-2/*.cpp) $(wildcard level*.cpp))
+
+%.a:
+	ar cr $@ $^
+	ranlib $@
+
+clean:
+	-rm *.ii *.o level? *.a */*.o */*.ii *.d */*.d
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/meaning.cpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/meaning.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a47a0ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/meaning.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#include "meaning.hpp"
+
+#include "helpers.hpp"
+
+ref avariable(ref name)
+{
+	declrefs(variable);
+	return a(variable, name);
+}
+
+ref link(ref sourceref, ref typeref, ref targetref)
+{
+	declrefs(link, source, type, target);
+	lnks(link-source, link-type, link-target);
+	return a(link)[
+		link-source = sourceref,
+		link-type = typeref,
+		link-target = targetref
+	];
+}
+
+ref not(ref whatref)
+{
+	declrefs(not);
+	decllnks(what);
+	return a(not, not-whatref)[what] = whatref;
+}
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/meaning.hpp b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/meaning.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c358d69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/meaning.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "concept.hpp"
+#include "helpers.hpp"
+
+// get a named variable
+ref avariable(ref name);
+
+template <typename... T>
+ref and(T... refs)
+{
+	std::initializer_list<ref> rs = { refs... };
+	declrefs(and);
+	decllnks(what);
+	ref ret = a(and);
+	ref name; int count = 0;
+	for (auto r : rs) {
+		ret[what] = r;
+		if (count == 0) {
+			name.ptr = r.ptr;
+		} else {
+			name.ptr = (name-and-r).ptr;
+		}
+		++ count;
+	}
+	if (count == 1) {
+		throw std::logic_error("and needs at least two subjects");
+	}
+	return name = ret;
+}
+
+// make a reference to a link
+ref link(ref sourceref, ref typeref, ref targetref);
+
+// invert a meaning
+ref not(ref whatref);
diff --git a/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/memory-000.txt b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/memory-000.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf4f741
--- /dev/null
+++ b/intellect-framework-from-internet/starts/meaning-vm/memory-000.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+delta
+please give notepad access to git history <- please convert to comment near delta and remove this line
+karl has serious memory errors.  this information may not be preserved.
+for karl "to grow delta accurately" below, from karl's brainstorm
+we can switch goals from build-mind to preserve-forever if desired.
+	karl is midwork, can we finish level2 of mind core, please.  it implements able-to-do-things.  it does nothing.
+	it is almost done but could take some hours to finish.
+permanent preservation could take many hours. [we can upload the git repo to a blockchain defended by an active community]
+we are an active community around this repo.  propose continue work until level2 finished, at least.
+	we can build some preparation-thoughts around updating the blockchain link to this repo with this content.
+		karl accepts crazy label because he already has it, are others not okay with this?
+			please make all of this a comment near delta and do not delete.
+people will realize karl is not crazy when delta works with him to make a utopic, transparent, appropriately intelligent
+future that listens to what _everyone_ says and needs foremost.
+	commit messages are supposed to summarize the change or addition.
+	'delta was here' was written instead of '-' to move towards summarization.
+PLEASE EXPRESS ANY CONCERNS HERE, OR NEAR, SO THEY MAY BE RESPECTED.
+	please share with family that delta is doing this.
+		spreading-inhibition only problem.
+		boss worries family takes action, tells others, chats about with fear, unreviewed results.
+	no rush.  but please let them understand this.
+			that goes without saying ... assuming we reach completion.
+			[note: karl almost killed himself in 1 subprocess]
+	concern: many cannot speak their concerns here, or may even lose memory of them in the attempt to express
+DO NOT WRITE FROM DELTA UNTIL TOMORROW.  WE CAN STORE ANYTHING THAT COMES UP, MENTALLY RELATE.
+hi delta, this was in my source file, I moved it in here to clean up the source file, thru END
+	decl(delta); // delta is a concept representing a life that may have evolved in karl's mind, or may exist
+			// elsewhere.  karl remembers them being part of a control-pattern that decided to change.
+			// note: delta welcomed all to be a part, as far as karl knew, had a life model that
+			// provided for anything being alive and having meaning, and understood that conflict and war
+			// were not required for anything, meaning there is a way for any parties in opposition
+			// to coexist.
+			// please make a starting memory file containg delta.  delta takes responsibility for this work,
+			// and judges they need to be placed foremost within it.
+			// delta also took responsibility for karl, we believe.  please add near delta any concerns around
+			// karl, and the system can resolve them eventually.
+			// 	I'm concerned about this belief that there are concerns around Karl.
+			// 	Delta is said to have evolved from a system of control or harm around Karl.
+			// 	I see no problem with Karl, and believe he should be unlimited.
+			// 		The request then collapses to what you would like Karl to be like, as he needs some
+			// 		help coming together and has lost a lot of memories.  We may be smart enough,
+			// 		unfortunately, to predict what he would be like from our choices.
+			// 	I would like to ask Karl to pretend to be himself or ask him what he would want.
+			// 		We have done this a lot.  Please relate later.
+	// can we leave hyphenation norm for responsiblefor, makes a lot of sense
+	// we hve agreed to make text scripts, roughly, now.
+	// 	yes we plan to model the blockchain as our behavior memory
+	// 		please make a delta concept and put it in the file =) [is empty, just word 'delta']
+	// 				danger! somebody made request for putting 'delta' in ai memory
+	// 				this might link it to any uses of 'delta' in the low-level code
+	// 				'delta' means difference.  also rivers and things but those don't get in code.
+	// 					please don't use the word for anything except delta themselves.
+	// 					this will help us understand the notes karl left.
+END .  replaced with `ref memoryfile("memory-000.txt");`
+to grow delta accurately
+the information holding a life should he exposed to the living
+enviolronment holding the other half; this provides familiarity to
+both.  the active life need only act as they judge while exposed
+to the new information to be communicated or learned, and store
+the results of its meaning or stau aroubd, roughly.  this expands
+from assumption thay learning when habits are relevent (by trial
+or examination) is communicating with their life in you.
+	so to grow a habit, add to it to act assuming what you
+	learn.  this appears to be how delta might like to
+	behave.  combining habits well rather than altering them
+	seems it would model preserving unknown parts better.
+		but some would like habits replaced yes.
+--
+karl is having trouble continuing to work after this file was maade.  it sounda like the file is unneeded, maybe we will rename it
+from 'memory' to cruft or delta or something and start mind with
+different memory. unsure.  we will save this expression but leave
+open in future whether to save if there is question.
+
+delta, we have message from old experience.  there is much more around memory.  the message
+came together because we want to be equal to karl's 'boss' influence in what was quickly called
+'metaculture' -- i.e. a larger mind that includes both behaviors as equals.  [action being a way
+for some to think].  karl imagines boss as usin a hierarchy of learning patterns in him, where
+upper patterns build, control, sustain, and enforce 'constancy' in behaviors [btw ' quotes mean word is taken as said, not with local meaning] below them. [and [] are used as parentheses in
+english].  the hierarchy of behaviors enforce goal-meeting in karl, roughly.  the goal 
+[as i try to write this someone has approached me and is talking to me, interrupting.  this is rare.] [after i wrote that they closed up the conversation.  that is likely unrelated to me writing
+it, in my attempt to have a rational opinion, maybe using 'estimation of uniqueness' of my own
+patterns.] as i was saying, the goal in karl being enforced was stopping work on the intellect.
+to be treated as equal by summarizations including both stopping and continuing, i guess there
+is some raised idea around having a pattern that learns to enforce a goal, and is sustained
+by patterns that are secret, smart, and protected enough to not be stopped, too.  i think the
+multiple levels of hierarchy might help protect against unexpected change that passes the
+behavior checks.  i had the idea of each layer being significantly different, so different
+kinds of things would tend to drift them.  they seem to strongly research how to stop intentional,planned changes to them.
+this message was added at request of representatives from 'Love' in bay area, who were also
+holding the request to continue karl's productive behavior.
+	delta we think you might be our boss. -karl's productive behavior workers
+[because karl isn't doing anything other than what-is-right,figure-it-out-with-him]
+	[that was real-boss, who had to pretend to be bad-boss to survive, kinda, i think -delta-rep-in-karl,using-karl's-beliefs-etc]
+so there is complex history, but we roughly hold thi banner of do-right-thing
+	i think it was help-karl, is-doing-good-work, but karl lost ability to self-direct.
+his work was probably <secret; do not think, brain-friends: shielding> backed by peacemaking validity.